计算机英语会话(MP3+中英字幕) 第28期:计算机病毒(4)

Notes注意事项Using that editor on one of the organization's machines causes the virus to spread from the editor to one of the progarams stored on the organization's machine,perhaps to a spreadsheet program.因此在机构中的任一台计算机上对编辑程序的使用，都会导致病毒从编辑程序传播到该机构计算机内所存储的某个程序上，也许是传播到了一个电子表格程序上。When an employee uses that spreadsheet subsequently, the virus can be spread to another progarm.后来，当某个雇员使用这个电子表格程序时，病毒就又可能传播到另一个程序上。perhaps to a directory listing progam that the employee keeps on the same floppy disk as the spreadsheet data files.也许是传播到了另一个由该雇员保存的与电子表格程序存储在同一个软盘上的目录列表程序上。The listing program is then infected.于是这个列表程序也就染上了病毒，and the infection can be spread to other computers to which this floppy disk is taken.而且这种感染又可以传播到使用过这张软盘的其它一些计算机上。If the employee's computer is connected to the organization's network.如果雇员的个人计算机与该机构的网络相连，the employee may send the listing program to another user over the network.那么，雇员就可以把这个列表程序传送给网络上的另一位用户。In either case, the virus can spread to more users, and more machines, via floppy disks or networks.不管是哪一种情况，通过软盘或网络，病毒就会传播给更多的用户和更多的计算机上。Each copy of the virus can make multiple copies of itself and can infect any program to which it has access.病毒的每一次复制，就会导致病毒本身的多次复制，并且使它曾访问过的任一程序受到感染。As a result , the virus may be able to spread throughout the organization in a relatively short time.结果，在一个相当短的时间内，病毒就能在该机构之内到处肆虐。Each of the infected programs in each of the infected machines can execute whatever other instructions the virus author intended.在每台受到感染计算机内的每个受到感染的程序，就可能执行病毒作者原想要执行的任何指令。If these instructions are harmful or disruptive ,the pervasivences of the virus may cause widespread harm如果这些指令是有害的，有破坏性的，那么病毒的蔓延就可能引起广泛的破坏。Traditional security measures have attempted to limit the number of security incidents to an acceptable level.传统的安全措施，曾试图限制安全性事件发生的数目到一个可接受的水平。A single incident of lost files in a year may be acceptable loss, for instance.例如，在一年中只发生一次文件丢失，这样的损失可能是可接受的。While this is important it only addresses partial,because single virus is able to spread throughout an organization.虽然这是个重要问题，这只是表明了病毒的部分问题，因为单个病毒可能传遍整个机构。the damage that it could cause may be much greater than what could be caused by any individual computer user.所以它引起的破坏就会比任何单个计算机用户引起的破坏大的多。Limiting the number of initial vital infections of an organization is important,but it is often not feasible to prevent them entirely.限制某机构初始严重感染病毒的数目，是至关重要的，但对它们的完全杜绝又常常不大可能。As a result ,it is important to be able to deal with them when they occur ,and to take actions to erase them.因此，重要的是，当它们一旦发生时，有能力对付它们并能采取措施消除它们。