高中英语单词记忆表 第17期

brush  n. ①刷子，毛刷 ②画笔  vt. 刷，擦
[特征]
- He is cleaning his shoes with a brush.
他正在用刷子刷鞋。
- She brushed the tears from her face.
她擦去了脸上的泪。
[贴心叮咛]
brush作“画笔”讲时，指的是像刷子一样的“画笔”，用来画水彩或油画。
[备考必背]
①重要词组
brush off 拂去；刷去
- The dirt could be brushed off easily.
这个污点很容易刷掉。
brush up 复习；重温
- I brushed up my French last night.
昨晚我复习了法文。
②构词：toothbrush  n. 牙刷

burn (burned, burned或burnt, burnt) v. ①烧，烧焦 ②点（灯） n. 烧伤，灼伤
[特征]
- He burnt all the garden rubbish.
他把花园中的垃圾全烧掉了。
- He burnt the candles on the cake.
他点燃蛋糕上的蜡烛。
- He burned his tongue with red pepper.
他的舌头被红辣椒辣得很难受。
- She died of the burns that she received in the fire.
她死于火灾中所受的灼伤。
[贴心叮咛]
burn是中学阶段非常重要的一个单词，要仔细琢磨它的用法，另外它的词组也非常重要。
[备考必背]
①虽然burn的过去式和过去分词既可用burned也可用burnt，但两者是有区别的。作定语时要用过去分词burnt，而不用burned。如：
（误）a burned house
（正）a burnt house
一座被烧毁的房子
②重要词组
burn down 把……烧成平地，烧光
- The house was burnt down.
房子被烧成灰烬。
burn out 熄灭；烧坏
- The fire burnt out.
炉火熄灭了。
burn... to the ground 把……烧光（烧成平地）
- The house was burnt to the ground.
房子被烧成平地。

burst (burst, burst)  v. 爆裂，爆发  n. 突然破裂，爆发
[特征]
- The pipe burst and water spouted out.
管子破裂，水喷了出来。
- The hall was bursting with people.
大厅里挤满了人。
- When I told him about the bad news, his heart burst.
当我告诉他这个坏消息时，他的心都碎了。
- I heard a burst of laughter in the room.
我听到房间里发出一阵笑声。
[贴心叮咛]
burst是个非常重要的单词，因为它的词组较多且容易混淆，所以常委各类考试所偏爱。
[备考必背] 重要词组
burst into tears/laughter 突然大哭/大笑
- I don't know why she burst into tears.
我不知道她为什么突然大哭起来。
burst out cryjing/laughing 突然大哭/大笑
- They burst out laughing when they heard the news.
他们听到这个消息后突然大笑起来。
burst into 突然闯入
- Her husband burst into the room.
她的丈夫突然闯入了房间。
burst forth 突然发生/爆发
- His anger burst forth like a fire.
他的怒火突然像火一样迸发出来。

bury  vt. 埋葬，掩埋
[特征]
- Many workers were buried underground when there was an accident at the mine.
矿上发生意外事故时，许多矿工都被埋在了地下。
[贴心叮咛]
bury这个单词很容易理解，大家要记住这里的重要词组。
[备考必背]
①重要词组：bury oneself in (doing)... 埋头于……
- He buried himself in his work.
他埋头于自己的工作。
②派生词：burial  n. 埋葬；葬礼
a burial service 葬礼
- His burial took place last Sunday.
他的葬礼上礼拜天举行了。