报刊英语词汇精华151-200
2007-11-15来源:
151.recovery ：复苏
An increase in business activity following a recession or depression.
在经历衰退或萧条之后出现的经营活动的增加。
Economists often disagree on whether the U.S. is in a recovery or not.
经济学家们对美国经济是否已经复苏看法不一。
152.sanction ：制载
Coercive economic restrictions placed on one nation by another.
一国施加给另一国的强制性经济限制。
The two superpowers are currently negotiating trade sanctions.
两个超级大国目前正就贸易制载进行谈判。
153.service economy ：服务经济
An economy that emphasizes services over industrial production.
强调服务甚于工业生产的经济。
You can enjoy almost anything you want in today’s service economy.
在今天的服务经济中，你可以享受到几乎任何形式的服务。
154.slump ：疲软
A decline in business activity.
经济活动的减少。
The car industry has been in a slump since the beginning of the year.
汽车工业从年初起就一直疲软。
155.smokestack industry ：浓烟工业
A term that refers to heavy manufacturing, such as steel or automobile manufacturing.
指重工业，如钢铁和汽车制造业。
Information and entertainment is replacing the smokestack industry as the new major methods of creating wealth in the economy.
信息和娱乐业正代替浓烟工业，在经济中充当创造财富的新型手段。
156.socioeconomic ：社会经济的
A term used to describe the connection of social and economic factors.
用以描述社会和经济因素的联系。
The study of socioeconomic factors is important in order to understand various groups within society.
要了解社会的各个群体，必须研究社会经济的种种因素。
157.stagflation ：滞胀
A term that combines inflation and stagnation. A condition when inflation and high unemployment occurring together.
“通胀”和”停滞”结合而成的术语，指通货膨胀与高失业率并存的局面。 Stagflation is a very unpopular buzz word in the business world. 滞胀是商界不受欢迎的时髦词语。
158.stock exchange ：股票交易所
A market where securities are traded, such as the New York Stock Exchange.
进行证券交易的市场，如纽约股票交易所。
My friends works at the New York Stock Exchange.
我的朋友在纽约股票交易所工作。
159.stock market ：（1）股市；（2）股市行情 A market in which stocks are bought and sold. 股票买卖的地方。
The general condition of the sale of securities in a corporation.
一家公司的证券销售情况。
The Wall Street Journal gives a daily report of the stock market.
《华尔街日报》每天报告股市行情。
160.supply and demand ：供需
A basic economic law stating that as the price of a good increase, suppliers will be willing to produce more but consumers will demand less, so that price and quantity are both interrelated. 一条经济基本法则，即商品价格上涨时，生产商愿意扩大生产，但消费者的需求下降，这样价格和数量相互制约。 All products must follow the laws of supply and demand.
所有的产品都必须遵守供求法则。
161.surplus ：过剩
A situation in which the supply of goods exceeds the demand, esp. at a given price.
特别是以一定价格销售的商品的供应超过需求的状况。
Smart consumers try to purchase items that are in surplus in order to get more for the same money.
精明的消费者在商品过剩时购买，以便用同样的钱购买更多的商品。
162.tax shelter ： 减免所得税
An investment in certain business, activities, etc. that legally entitles the investor to avoid, reduce, or defer income taxes.
在某些行业、活动等方面的投资，投资者合法地享受减、免或缓交所得税。 Some business use tax shelters in an effort to reduce or defer their income tax. 一些公司采取合法减免所得税的手段来减少或迟交所得税。
163.tech angst ： 技术顾虑
(A combination of “technological” and “anxiety”.) The fear of automation among consumers.
“technological”（技术的）和 “anxiety”（担心）的合成词。顾客对自动化产生的担心。
The tech angst of many people makes them reluctant to put their trust in automated teller machines.
许多人有技术顾虑，因而不愿使用自动提款机。
164.technological monopoly ： 技术垄断
A condition in which a company has exclusive rights to a patented product or process.
一公司对专利产品或制作方法享有专属权的状况。
AT & T has a technological monopoly over a number of products and processes in the communications world.
在通讯领域中，美国电话电报公司在一些产品和方法 享有技术垄断。
165.trade barriers ： 贸易壁垒
Tariffs, quotas, and other regulations used by one country to discourage the importation of certain goods.
一个国家为阻碍某些产品的进口所采用的关税、配额和其他规定。
The U.S. is poised to eliminate trade barriers with Mexico and other neighboring countries.
美国准备减少同墨西哥及其他邻近国家的贸易壁垒。
166.trade deficit ： 贸易赤字
An imbalance in which a nation’s imports exceed its exports.
一国进口超过其出口的不平衡状况。
No nation wants to run a continuous trade deficit with other countries.
没有一个国家愿意自己同他国的贸易处于持续的赤字状态。
167.trade imbalance ： 贸易不平衡
A condition in which a nation’s exports and imports and imports are not equal.
一国的出口和进口不持平的状况。
The subject of trade imbalance is an ongoing debate between the U.S. and Japan.
贸易不平衡是美日两国间长期争论的话题。
168.trickle-down economics ： 滴入式经济学
A theory that government financial incentives to big business will eventually benefit smaller businesses and general public.
一种经济理论，认为政府对大企业的财政补贴最终使小企业和大众受益。
President Bill Clinton dose not believe that trickle-down economics works for the benefit of the nation.
克林顿总统不相信滴入式经济学有益于国家。
169.trust ： 托拉斯
Several companies acting together to control production, pricing, and distribution of a product.
几家公司联合行动以控制一种新产品的生产、定价和销售。
The government has anti=trust laws that regulate against companies forming trusts in order to control product prices and distribution.
政府有反托拉斯法，反对公司组成意在控制产品价格和销售的托拉斯。
170.upward mobility ： 往上晋升
The movement of an individual to ever higher levels of responsibility in a company.
一个人在公司里上升到承担相应责任的较高职位。
It was no surprise to the other workers that the boss’s nephew enjoined such a great degree of upward mobility.
老板的侄子往上晋升如此之快，其他工人并不感意外。
171.white knight ： 公司的救星
A business that prevents a hostile takeover of another company by offering better terms.
一公司通过提出更优厚的条件来阻止另一公司被他人敌意兼并。
One of our affiliates acted as a white knight on our behalf and saved us from being the victims of a hostile takeover.
我们的一家分公司充当了我们公司的救星，使我们免遭敌意兼并。 计算机?Computer
172.abort ：异常中止
To cancel or end a program or procedure while it is in progress.
取消或终止正在运行的程序或过程 We decided to abort the program. 我们决定中止这项程序。
173.access ：访问，存取
The locating and/or obtaining of desired data.
查找和/或获取所需数据
Only authorized personnel can access these computer files.
只有经过授权的人才可以访问这些计算机文件。
174.artificial intelligence (AI) ：人工智能
The branch of computer science that deals with using computers to simulate human thinking and to perform functions normally associated with human intelligence. 计算机科学的一个分支，研究如何使用电脑模仿人的思维，并执行一些通常与人类智能有关的功能。
Artificial intelligence has been the focus of much hype since the early 1980s and is widely expected to be achieved in the
21st century.
自从 80 年代初以来，人工智能一直被大量宣传。人们普遍认为在 21 世纪人工智能将获得成功。
175.backup copy ：备份
A copy of a current file made in order to protect against loss or damage.
为防止当前文件的丢失或损坏而另存储的一份。 Did you make a backup copy of that file? 那份文件你有备份吧？
176.batch ：批（处理）
A group of records or transactions that can be processed together.
可以一块处理的一组记录或事务。 I’ve gotta finish this batch by tomorrow. 明天之前我必须做完这批处理。
177.boot (up) ：启动
To start up a computer, making it ready to operate.
打开电脑使之可以运行。
Just a minute, I’m waiting for my computer to boot up.
等会儿，我正等我的电脑启动起来。
178.bug ：错误，故障
A mistake or malfunction that can occur in a computer program.
电脑程序可能出现的错误或故障。
For some reason, we’ve been experiencing some bugs in this particular program.
不知什么原因，这个特定程序总有错误。
179.canned software ：软件包
Programs prepared by computer manufacturers that are in ready to use form and can used by many business and individuals.
由电脑生产商准备好的可供公司或个人即买即用的程序。
WordPefect 6.0 is one of the newest items of canned software on the market. WordPefect6.0 是市场上销售的软件包中最新的一款软件。
180.character ：字符
Any symbol, digit, letter, etc. that is stored or processed by a computer.
由电脑存储、处理的任何符号、数字、字母等。
An optical scanner can actually read characters and transfer them to the monitor screen of a computer.
光学扫描仪能读出字符，并将其转换到电脑显示屏上。
181.clones ：克隆，仿制品
A term used to describe a product that is a copy of another one, such as a computer clone.
指以其他产品为范本复制出来的产品。
In the new global economy, there are dozens of computer clones on the market.
在经济全球化的今天，市场上有几十种电脑仿制品。
182.coding ：编码
The writing of a list of computer instructions causing it to perform specific functions and operations.
编写一系列计算机的指令，使之执行特定功能和操作。 We are currently recoding all the computers in our office. 我们现在正为办公室的所有计算机重新编码。
183.computerese ：计算机行话 Slang for computer jargon. 计算机专业术语的俚称。
Are you fluent in computerese?
你对计算机行话熟悉吗？
184.computernik ：计算机专家，计算机迷
Slang for a person who spends a lot of time using computers.
俚语，指长时间使用电脑的人。
John hangs around with all the computernik.
约翰同许多计算机机专家有来往。
185.crash ： （系统）崩溃
A system shutdown caused by a hardware or software malfunction.
由硬件、软件故障导致系统的关闭。 Our system just crashed. 我们的系统刚才崩溃了。
186.data leakage ： 数据丢失
The illegal removal of data from a computer.
非法移动电脑中的数据。
We’ve had no data leakage problems since we’ve installed our new security program.
自从安装新的保密程序后，我们的电脑没有出现数据丢失的问题。
187.dot matrix ： 点阵（打印）
Forming letters or characters from dots, as opposed to type.
通过输出点来形成字母或字符，这和（传统的）打字相反。
Dot matrix printers are being phased out and replaced by printers that can produce clean type.
点阵式打印机正被淘汰，并为高清晰度打印机所取代。
188.downtime ： 故障停机时间
The length of time a computer is “down” because of a malfunction.
由于故障而使电脑停机的时间。
Sorry, you’ll have to come back later
An increase in business activity following a recession or depression.
在经历衰退或萧条之后出现的经营活动的增加。
Economists often disagree on whether the U.S. is in a recovery or not.
经济学家们对美国经济是否已经复苏看法不一。
152.sanction ：制载
Coercive economic restrictions placed on one nation by another.
一国施加给另一国的强制性经济限制。
The two superpowers are currently negotiating trade sanctions.
两个超级大国目前正就贸易制载进行谈判。
153.service economy ：服务经济
An economy that emphasizes services over industrial production.
强调服务甚于工业生产的经济。
You can enjoy almost anything you want in today’s service economy.
在今天的服务经济中，你可以享受到几乎任何形式的服务。
154.slump ：疲软
A decline in business activity.
经济活动的减少。
The car industry has been in a slump since the beginning of the year.
汽车工业从年初起就一直疲软。
155.smokestack industry ：浓烟工业
A term that refers to heavy manufacturing, such as steel or automobile manufacturing.
指重工业，如钢铁和汽车制造业。
Information and entertainment is replacing the smokestack industry as the new major methods of creating wealth in the economy.
信息和娱乐业正代替浓烟工业，在经济中充当创造财富的新型手段。
156.socioeconomic ：社会经济的
A term used to describe the connection of social and economic factors.
用以描述社会和经济因素的联系。
The study of socioeconomic factors is important in order to understand various groups within society.
要了解社会的各个群体，必须研究社会经济的种种因素。
157.stagflation ：滞胀
A term that combines inflation and stagnation. A condition when inflation and high unemployment occurring together.
“通胀”和”停滞”结合而成的术语，指通货膨胀与高失业率并存的局面。 Stagflation is a very unpopular buzz word in the business world. 滞胀是商界不受欢迎的时髦词语。
158.stock exchange ：股票交易所
A market where securities are traded, such as the New York Stock Exchange.
进行证券交易的市场，如纽约股票交易所。
My friends works at the New York Stock Exchange.
我的朋友在纽约股票交易所工作。
159.stock market ：（1）股市；（2）股市行情 A market in which stocks are bought and sold. 股票买卖的地方。
The general condition of the sale of securities in a corporation.
一家公司的证券销售情况。
The Wall Street Journal gives a daily report of the stock market.
《华尔街日报》每天报告股市行情。
160.supply and demand ：供需
A basic economic law stating that as the price of a good increase, suppliers will be willing to produce more but consumers will demand less, so that price and quantity are both interrelated. 一条经济基本法则，即商品价格上涨时，生产商愿意扩大生产，但消费者的需求下降，这样价格和数量相互制约。 All products must follow the laws of supply and demand.
所有的产品都必须遵守供求法则。
161.surplus ：过剩
A situation in which the supply of goods exceeds the demand, esp. at a given price.
特别是以一定价格销售的商品的供应超过需求的状况。
Smart consumers try to purchase items that are in surplus in order to get more for the same money.
精明的消费者在商品过剩时购买，以便用同样的钱购买更多的商品。
162.tax shelter ： 减免所得税
An investment in certain business, activities, etc. that legally entitles the investor to avoid, reduce, or defer income taxes.
在某些行业、活动等方面的投资，投资者合法地享受减、免或缓交所得税。 Some business use tax shelters in an effort to reduce or defer their income tax. 一些公司采取合法减免所得税的手段来减少或迟交所得税。
163.tech angst ： 技术顾虑
(A combination of “technological” and “anxiety”.) The fear of automation among consumers.
“technological”（技术的）和 “anxiety”（担心）的合成词。顾客对自动化产生的担心。
The tech angst of many people makes them reluctant to put their trust in automated teller machines.
许多人有技术顾虑，因而不愿使用自动提款机。
164.technological monopoly ： 技术垄断
A condition in which a company has exclusive rights to a patented product or process.
一公司对专利产品或制作方法享有专属权的状况。
AT & T has a technological monopoly over a number of products and processes in the communications world.
在通讯领域中，美国电话电报公司在一些产品和方法 享有技术垄断。
165.trade barriers ： 贸易壁垒
Tariffs, quotas, and other regulations used by one country to discourage the importation of certain goods.
一个国家为阻碍某些产品的进口所采用的关税、配额和其他规定。
The U.S. is poised to eliminate trade barriers with Mexico and other neighboring countries.
美国准备减少同墨西哥及其他邻近国家的贸易壁垒。
166.trade deficit ： 贸易赤字
An imbalance in which a nation’s imports exceed its exports.
一国进口超过其出口的不平衡状况。
No nation wants to run a continuous trade deficit with other countries.
没有一个国家愿意自己同他国的贸易处于持续的赤字状态。
167.trade imbalance ： 贸易不平衡
A condition in which a nation’s exports and imports and imports are not equal.
一国的出口和进口不持平的状况。
The subject of trade imbalance is an ongoing debate between the U.S. and Japan.
贸易不平衡是美日两国间长期争论的话题。
168.trickle-down economics ： 滴入式经济学
A theory that government financial incentives to big business will eventually benefit smaller businesses and general public.
一种经济理论，认为政府对大企业的财政补贴最终使小企业和大众受益。
President Bill Clinton dose not believe that trickle-down economics works for the benefit of the nation.
克林顿总统不相信滴入式经济学有益于国家。
169.trust ： 托拉斯
Several companies acting together to control production, pricing, and distribution of a product.
几家公司联合行动以控制一种新产品的生产、定价和销售。
The government has anti=trust laws that regulate against companies forming trusts in order to control product prices and distribution.
政府有反托拉斯法，反对公司组成意在控制产品价格和销售的托拉斯。
170.upward mobility ： 往上晋升
The movement of an individual to ever higher levels of responsibility in a company.
一个人在公司里上升到承担相应责任的较高职位。
It was no surprise to the other workers that the boss’s nephew enjoined such a great degree of upward mobility.
老板的侄子往上晋升如此之快，其他工人并不感意外。
171.white knight ： 公司的救星
A business that prevents a hostile takeover of another company by offering better terms.
一公司通过提出更优厚的条件来阻止另一公司被他人敌意兼并。
One of our affiliates acted as a white knight on our behalf and saved us from being the victims of a hostile takeover.
我们的一家分公司充当了我们公司的救星，使我们免遭敌意兼并。 计算机?Computer
172.abort ：异常中止
To cancel or end a program or procedure while it is in progress.
取消或终止正在运行的程序或过程 We decided to abort the program. 我们决定中止这项程序。
173.access ：访问，存取
The locating and/or obtaining of desired data.
查找和/或获取所需数据
Only authorized personnel can access these computer files.
只有经过授权的人才可以访问这些计算机文件。
174.artificial intelligence (AI) ：人工智能
The branch of computer science that deals with using computers to simulate human thinking and to perform functions normally associated with human intelligence. 计算机科学的一个分支，研究如何使用电脑模仿人的思维，并执行一些通常与人类智能有关的功能。
Artificial intelligence has been the focus of much hype since the early 1980s and is widely expected to be achieved in the
21st century.
自从 80 年代初以来，人工智能一直被大量宣传。人们普遍认为在 21 世纪人工智能将获得成功。
175.backup copy ：备份
A copy of a current file made in order to protect against loss or damage.
为防止当前文件的丢失或损坏而另存储的一份。 Did you make a backup copy of that file? 那份文件你有备份吧？
176.batch ：批（处理）
A group of records or transactions that can be processed together.
可以一块处理的一组记录或事务。 I’ve gotta finish this batch by tomorrow. 明天之前我必须做完这批处理。
177.boot (up) ：启动
To start up a computer, making it ready to operate.
打开电脑使之可以运行。
Just a minute, I’m waiting for my computer to boot up.
等会儿，我正等我的电脑启动起来。
178.bug ：错误，故障
A mistake or malfunction that can occur in a computer program.
电脑程序可能出现的错误或故障。
For some reason, we’ve been experiencing some bugs in this particular program.
不知什么原因，这个特定程序总有错误。
179.canned software ：软件包
Programs prepared by computer manufacturers that are in ready to use form and can used by many business and individuals.
由电脑生产商准备好的可供公司或个人即买即用的程序。
WordPefect 6.0 is one of the newest items of canned software on the market. WordPefect6.0 是市场上销售的软件包中最新的一款软件。
180.character ：字符
Any symbol, digit, letter, etc. that is stored or processed by a computer.
由电脑存储、处理的任何符号、数字、字母等。
An optical scanner can actually read characters and transfer them to the monitor screen of a computer.
光学扫描仪能读出字符，并将其转换到电脑显示屏上。
181.clones ：克隆，仿制品
A term used to describe a product that is a copy of another one, such as a computer clone.
指以其他产品为范本复制出来的产品。
In the new global economy, there are dozens of computer clones on the market.
在经济全球化的今天，市场上有几十种电脑仿制品。
182.coding ：编码
The writing of a list of computer instructions causing it to perform specific functions and operations.
编写一系列计算机的指令，使之执行特定功能和操作。 We are currently recoding all the computers in our office. 我们现在正为办公室的所有计算机重新编码。
183.computerese ：计算机行话 Slang for computer jargon. 计算机专业术语的俚称。
Are you fluent in computerese?
你对计算机行话熟悉吗？
184.computernik ：计算机专家，计算机迷
Slang for a person who spends a lot of time using computers.
俚语，指长时间使用电脑的人。
John hangs around with all the computernik.
约翰同许多计算机机专家有来往。
185.crash ： （系统）崩溃
A system shutdown caused by a hardware or software malfunction.
由硬件、软件故障导致系统的关闭。 Our system just crashed. 我们的系统刚才崩溃了。
186.data leakage ： 数据丢失
The illegal removal of data from a computer.
非法移动电脑中的数据。
We’ve had no data leakage problems since we’ve installed our new security program.
自从安装新的保密程序后，我们的电脑没有出现数据丢失的问题。
187.dot matrix ： 点阵（打印）
Forming letters or characters from dots, as opposed to type.
通过输出点来形成字母或字符，这和（传统的）打字相反。
Dot matrix printers are being phased out and replaced by printers that can produce clean type.
点阵式打印机正被淘汰，并为高清晰度打印机所取代。
188.downtime ： 故障停机时间
The length of time a computer is “down” because of a malfunction.
由于故障而使电脑停机的时间。
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