职称英语考试卫生类C级—词汇题与阅读判断题（二）

 

阅读判断题

2005年考题分析:Breakfast     Studies show that children who eat breakfast do better in school. It doesn’t take much further thought to believe that adults will feel better and perform better at work as well. Whether you work at home, on the farm, at the office , at school, or on the road, it is not a good idea to skip(故意略去)breakfast.    If we don’t eat breakfast, we are likely to become tired when our brains and bodies run low on fuel. By mid-morning, a lot of us grab a cup of coffee, or wolf down a sugary candy bar to wake up again. This might work for a few minutes, but by lunchtime we are hungry, bad-tempered, and perhaps our mood might make us a little more likely to make unhealthy choices at lunch. Eating a good breakfast sets the tone for the rest of the day.    People who eat breakfast are generally more likely to maintain a healthy weight. Many people believe that they will lose weight if they skip meals, but that isn’t a good idea. The body expects to be fueled a few times a day, so start with a healthy breakfast.    A healthy breakfast should contain some protein(蛋白质) and some fiber (纤维). Protein can come from meat, eggs, beans, or soy (大豆). Fiber can be found in whole cereals (谷物), grains or in fruits. A good example of a healthy breakfast might be something simple like a hard boiled egg, an orange, and a bowl of whole grain cereal with soy milk. 1. Adults who eat breakfast will perform better at work.A. right            B. wrong           C. not mentioned 2. It is okay to skip breakfast if you work at home.A. right            B. wrong           C. not mentioned 3.     Men are more likely to skip breakfast than women.A. right            B. wrong           C. not mentioned 4.     A person who skips breakfast is more likely to eat unhealthily at lunch.A. right            B. wrong           C. not mentioned 5.     Skipping breakfast is a good strategy for losing weight.A. right            B. wrong           C. not mentioned 6.     A simple breakfast cannot be a healthy breakfast.A. right            B. wrong           C. not mentioned 7.     People who eat breakfast are seldom at a bad mood.A. right            B. wrong           C. not mentioned   答案与解析：第一步：分析文章标题, 抓住文章主题词, 判断文章类型, 以及文章可能涉及到的内容文章的标题是“breakfast”， 这是某个具体事物的名称，因此判断这篇文章很可能是说明文或是论述文， 文章的主题词就是“breakfast”， 推测文章可能会涉及到“早餐上吃什么好”， “为什么要吃早餐”等这方面的内容。 第二步：直接看题解题：解题思路： 特征词/核心词定位法。找出题干中的特征词，核心词/结构作为答案线索，在文章中找到答案相关句， 对比答案相关句的内容和问题句的内容， 判断答案。1. Adults who eat breakfast will perform better at work.A. right            B. wrong           C. not mentioned1. A. 分析: 问题句说“吃早餐的成年人在工作上会做的更加出色。”利用题干中的核心词（主语）Adults（who eat breakfast）作为答案线索， 同时关注句子中出现的修饰词better， 这样找到答案相关句：Studies show that children who eat breakfast do better in school. It doesn’t take much further thought to believe that adults will feel better and perform better at work as well. 该划线句说“不需要更多的思考人们就能认识到成年人也将在工作中感觉更好，做的更好。”“as well（也）”这个结构提示该句和前句在内容上的紧密相关（形成比较关系）。前句说“研究表明吃了早餐的孩子在学校里做的更出色”。因此判断划线句中提到的成年人应该是指“吃了早餐的成年人”，所以划线句的内容与问题句的内容一致， 因此判断问题句的说法正确。Take:需要(多少时间等)。 e.g. These things take time. 这些事情需要花费时间。 e.g. It takes an hour to go there. 到那里需要一个钟头。as well = too 也 2.     It is okay to skip breakfast if you work at home.A. right            B. wrong           C. not mentioned2． B。分析: 问题句说“如果你在家工作不吃早餐也可以。”利用题干中的核心结构（主语）中出现的“to skip breakfast” 和 “work at home”作为答案线索， 这样找到答案相关句：Whether you work at home, on the farm, at the office , at school, or on the road, it is not a good idea to skip breakfast.该句中包含了问题句核心结构中的主要内容， 因此很可能就是直接答案相关句， 该句说“无论你是在家工作，在地里工作， 在办公室里工作，在学校工作， 还是在道路上工作，不吃早餐都不是一个好的想法。”显然这句话的说法与问题句的内容不一致, 因此判定问题句的说法“错误”。It + be + adj./n. + to do sth.It + be + adj./n. + doing sth.It + be + adj./n. + that…   3.     Men are more likely to skip breakfast than women.A. right            B. wrong           C. not mentioned3． C。 分析：问题句说“男人比女人更容易不吃早餐”。问题句是在对男人和女人吃早餐的情况进行对比，所以考虑选择句子的比较对象“男人”和“女人”作为答案线索， 发现文章中根本就没有提到这两个词， 因此判断问题句的说法为“没提到”。 4.     A person who skips breakfast is more likely to eat unhealthily at lunch.A. right            B. wrong           C. not mentioned4．A． 分析： 问题句说“一个不吃早餐的人更可能午餐吃得不健康。”利用题干中的新信息词 lunch作为答案线索， 同时关注句子中出现的修饰词more likely和unhealthily，这样找到答案相关句：If we don’t eat breakfast, we are likely to become tired when our brains and bodies run low on fuel. By mid-morning, a lot of us grab a cup of coffee, or wolf down a sugary candy bar to wake up again. This might work for a few minutes, but by lunchtime we are hungry, bad-tempered, and perhaps our mood might make us a little more likely to make unhealthy choices at lunch. Eating a good breakfast sets the tone for the rest of the day. 划线句中出现了所有我们想要查找的词语， 因此推测划线句就是答案相关句，该句说“这也许能起几分钟的作用，但是到吃午饭的时候， 我们会感到饥饿， 脾气变得很坏， 可能我们的情绪会使我们更可能在吃午饭的时候作出不健康的选择。”现在需要判断的是划线句中的“我们”是否指问题句中说的“不吃早饭的人”。划线句中的代词This指代前文中提到的“早晨不吃饭（第一句）到早晨10点左右的时候抓起一杯咖啡，或大口吞下糖果条来使自己的头脑再次清醒”这种情况， 显然这中情况下的“我们”就是“不吃早饭”的人， 因此判断问题句的说法正确。    5.     Skipping breakfast is a good strategy for losing weight.A. right            B. wrong           C. not mentioned5． B。 分析：问题句说“不吃早饭是减肥的一个好方法。”借助题干中出现的新信息内容“减肥”作为答案线索，这样找到答案相关句：Many people believe that they will lose weight if they skip meals, but that isn’t a good idea. The body expects to be fueled a few times a day, so start with a healthy breakfast.划线句说“许多人认为不吃饭就可以减肥，但是通过不吃饭来减肥不是一个好的方法。”显然划线句的内容暗示了“不吃早饭减肥也不是好的方法。”因此判断问题句的说法“不正确”。    6.     A simple breakfast cannot be a healthy breakfast.A. right            B. wrong           C. not mentioned6． B。 分析： 问题句说“简单的早餐不可能是健康的早餐”。利用题干中的核心结构（主语）“simple breakfast”（也是新信息结构）作为答案线索， 这样找到答案相关句：A good example of a healthy breakfast might be something simple like a hard boiled egg, an orange, and a bowl of whole grain cereal with soy milk.该句说“健康的早餐的一个例子就是吃一些简单的食品， 如：一个煮鸡蛋，一个橘子，一碗豆奶麦片粥”。 显然这句话是说“简单的早餐也可以是健康的早餐”， 因为问题句的说法不正确。 7.     People who eat breakfast are seldom at a bad mood.A. right            B. wrong           C. not mentioned7． C。 分析：问题句说“吃早餐的人很少情绪不好。”利用题干中核心结构（表语）“at a bad mood”作为答案线索， 这样找到答案相关句：    If we don’t eat breakfast, we are likely to become tired when our brains and bodies run low on fuel. By mid-morning, a lot of us grab a cup of coffee, or wolf down a sugary candy bar to wake up again. This might work for a few minutes, but by lunchtime we are hungry, bad-tempered（与at a bad mood呼应）, and perhaps our mood might make us a little more likely to make unhealthy choices at lunch. Eating a good breakfast sets the tone调子for the rest of the day.划线句的内容只是说“不吃早饭会在吃午饭的时候情绪不好， 而坏的情绪会使我们在吃午饭的时候吃的不健康”， 从这句话我们不能推出“吃早饭的人很少情绪不好这个结论”，即使是接下来的一句话也只是说“好好的吃一顿早饭会给这一天中早饭以后的时间定下基调”， 这也只是暗示“吃不吃早饭会影响一天的情绪”， 但是从这里我们也不能得出“吃了早饭的人就很少情绪不好”这个结论，因此判断该问题句的说法为“没提到”。

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