大学英语四级模拟试题（十一）

passage　3　

in　the　early　days　of　nuclear　power,　the　united　states　made　money　on　it.　but　today　opponents　have　so　complicated　its　development　that　no　nuclear　plants　have　been　ordered　or　built　here　in　12　years.　

the　greatest　fear　of　nuclear　power　opponents　has　always　been　a　reactor　“meltdown”.　today,　the　chances　of　a　meltdown　that　would　threaten　u.s.　public　health　are　testing　new　reactors　that　rely　not　on　human　judgment　to　shut　them　down　but　on　the　laws　of　nature.　now　general　electric　is　already　building　two　advanced　reactors　in　japan.　but　don't　expect　them　even　on　u.s.　shores　unless　things　change　in　washington.　

the　procedure　for　licensing　nuclear　power　plants　is　a　bad　dream.　any　time　during,　or　even　after,　construction,　an　objection　by　any　group　or　individual　can　bring　everything　to　a　halt　while　the　matter　is　investigated　or　taken　to　court.　meanwhile,　the　builder　must　add　nicebutnotnecessary　improvements,　some　of　which　force　him　to　knock　down　walls　and　start　over.　in　every　case　when　a　plant　has　been　opposed,　the　nuclear　regulation　commission　has　ultimately　granted　a　license　to　construct　or　operate.　but　the　victory　often　costs　so　much　that　the　utility　ends　up　abandoning　the　plant　anyway.　

a　case　in　point　is　the　shoreham　plant　on　new　york's　long　island.　shoreham　was　a　virtual　twin　to　the　millstone　plant　in　connecticut,　both　ordered　in　the　mid60s'.　millstone,　complete　for　$　101　million,　has　been　generating　electricity　for　two　decades.　shoreham,　however,　was　singled　out　by　antinuclear　activists　who,　by　sending　in　endless　protests,　drove　the　cost　over　$　5　billion　and　delayed　its　use　for　many　years.

shoreham　finally　won　its　operation　license.　but　the　plant　has　never　produced　a　watt　power.　governor　mario　cuomo,　an　opponent　of　a　shoreharn　startup,　used　his　power　to　force　new　york's　publicutilities　commission　to　accept　the　following　settlement:　the　power　company　could　pass　the　cost　of　shoreham　along　to　its　consumers　only　if　it　agreed　not　to　operate　the　plant.　today,　a　perfectly　good　facility,　capable　of　servicing　hundreds　of　thousands　of　homes,　sits　rusting.　　

11.　the　author's　attitude　towards　the　development　of　nuclear　power　is　.看答案
a.　negative
b.　neutral
c.　positive
d.　questioning　　

12.　what　has　made　the　procedure　for　licensing　nuclear　plants　a　bad　dream?看答案
a.　the　inefficiency　of　the　nuclear　regulation　commission.
b.　the　enormous　cost　of　construction　and　operation.
c.　the　length　of　time　it　takes　to　make　investigations.
d.　the　objection　of　the　opponents　of　nuclear　power.　　

13.　it　can　be　inferred　from　paragraph　2　that　.看答案
a.　there　are　not　enough　safety　measures　in　the　u.s.　for　running　new　nuclear　power　plants
b.　it　is　not　technical　difficulties　that　prevent　the　building　of　nuclear　power　plants　in　the　u.s.
c.　there　are　already　more　nuclear　power　plants　than　necessary　in　the　u.s.
d.　the　american　government　will　not　allow　japanese　nuclear　reactors　to　be　installed　in　the　u.s.　　

14.　governor　mario　cuomo's　chief　intention　in　proposing　the　settlement　was　to　.看答案
a.　stop　the　shoreham　plant　from　going　into　operation
b.　urge　the　power　company　to　further　increase　its　power　supply
c.　permit　the　shoreham　plant　to　operate　under　certain　conditions
d.　help　the　power　company　to　solve　its　financial　problems　　

15.　from　which　sentence　of　the　article　can　you　see　the　attitude　of　the　author　and　that　of　govenor　mario　cuomo　respectively?看答案
a.　the　2nd　sentence　in　the　frist　paragraph,　the　3rd　sentence　in　the　last　paragraph.
b.　the　last　sentence,　the　last　sentence　but　one　
c.　the　last　sentence　in　para.2,　last　sentence　but　one.
d.　the　last　sentence　in　para　3,　the　3rd　sentence　in　the　fifth　paragraph.　

passage　4

oes　a　bee　know　what　is　going　on　in　its　mind　when　it　navigates　its　way　to　distant　food　sources　and　back　to　the　hive　(蜂房),　using　polarized　sunlight　and　the　tiny　magnet　it　carries　as　a　navigational　aid?　or　is　the　bee　just　a　machine,　unable　to　do　its　mathematics　and　dance　its　language　in　any　other　way?　to　use　dondald　griffin's　term,　does　a　bee　have　“awareness",　or　to　use　a　phrase　i　like　better,　can　a　bee　think　and　imagine?　

there　is　an　experiment　for　this,　or　at　least　an　observation,　made　long　ago　by　karl　von　firsch　and　more　recently　confirmed　by　james　gould　in　princeton.　biologists　who　wish　to　study　such　things　as　bee　navigation,　language,　and　behavior　in　general　have　to　train　their　bees　to　fly　from　the　hive　to　one　or　another　special　place.　to　do　this,　they　begin　by　placing　a　source　of　sugar　very　close　to　the　hive　so　that　the　bees　(considered　by　their　trainers　to　be　very　dumb　beasts)　can　learn　what　the　game　is　about.　then,　at　regular　interval,　the　dish　or　whatever　is　moved　progressively　farther　and　farther　from　the　hive,　in　increments　(增加量)　of　about　25　percent　at　each　move.　eventually,　the　target　is　being　moved　100　feet　or　more　at　a　jump,　very　far　from　the　hive.　sooner　or　later,　while　this　process　is　going　on,　the　biologist　shifting　the　dish　of　sugar　will　find　the　bees　are　out　there　waiting　for　them,　precisely　where　the　next　position　had　been　planned.　this　is　an　uncomfortable　observation　to　make.　　

16.　the　best　title　for　the　passage　is　.看答案
a.　teaching　the　bees　to　navigate
b.　testing　the　awareness　of　bees
c.　navigational　techniques　of　bees
d.　behaviorists　versus　biologists:　a　zoological　debate　　

17.　the　word　“awareness"　in　paragraph　1　appears　in　quotation　marks　in　order　to　.看答案
a.　show　the　author's　preference　for　the　term
b.　indicate　that　it　is　being　used　humorously
c.　acknowledge　donald　griffin's　previous　use　of　the　term
d.　point　out　that　it　was　used　differently　earlier　in　the　passage　　

18.　in　the　second　paragraph　karl　von　frischis　mentioned　.　看答案
a.　to　introduce　his　observation　on　bee　behavior
b.　to　contrast　his　theories　with　those　of　james　gould
c.　acknowledge　donald　griffin's　previous　use　of　the　term
d.　point　out　that　it　was　used　differently　earlier　in　the　passage　　

19.　according　to　the　author,　sugar　was　used　in　the　study　.看答案
a.　to　reward　the　bees　for　performing　the　experiment　correctly
b.　to　train　the　bees　to　travel　to　a　particular　place
c.　to　ensure　that　the　bees　knew　where　the　hive　was
d.　to　ensure　that　the　bees　would　obey　the　orders　　

20.　the　result　of　the　experiment　explained　in　the　passage　seems　to　indicate　that　.看答案
a.　research　using　bees　is　too　dangerous　to　be　conducted　successfully
b.　bees　are　unable　to　navigate　beyond　100　feet　their　hive
c.　scientists　can　teach　bees　to　navigate
d.　bees　are　able　to　perform　limited　reasoning　tasks　part　iii　vocabulary　and　structure　(20　minutes)　directions:　there　are　30　incomplete　sentences　in　this　part.　for　each　sentence　there　are　four　choices　marked　a.,　b.,　c.　and　d..　choose　the　one　answer　that　best　completes　the　sentence.　then　mark　the　corresponding　letter　on　the　answer　sheet　with　a　single　line　through　the　centre.