全球贫富差距进一步扩大 五大富豪财富翻倍

达沃斯论坛开幕前夕，乐施会（Oxfam）发布了年度不平等报告。报告称，自2020年3月新冠疫情暴发以来，全球最富有的五个人的总财富增加了114%，而最贫困的60%的人口财富却缩水了0.2%。

The world’s five richest men have more than doubled their fortunes to $869bn since 2020, while the world’s poorest 60% – almost 5 billion people – have lost money.

全世界最富有的5个人自2020年以来财富已经翻倍，达到了8690亿美元，而全世界最贫穷的60%（近50亿人）财富却缩水了。

The details come in a report by Oxfam as the world’s richest people gather from Monday in Davos, Switzerland, for the annual World Economic Forum meeting of political leaders, corporate executives and the super-rich.

乐施会在富豪云集的达沃斯论坛开幕之际发布了这一报告。一年一度的世界经济论坛1月14日在瑞士达沃斯开幕，出席论坛的有政界领导人、企业高管和超级富豪。

The yawning gap between rich and poor is likely to increase, the report says, and will lead to the world crowning its first trillionaire within a decade. At the same time, it warns, if current trends continue, world poverty will not be eradicated for another 229 years.

报告指出，全球贫富鸿沟很可能将继续扩大，首个万亿富翁可能会在十年内出现。与此同时，报告警告称，如果当前趋势持续下去，可能要再过229年全世界才能消除贫困。

Highlighting a dramatic increase in inequality since the Covid pandemic, Oxfam said the world’s billionaires were $3.3tn richer than in 2020, and their wealth had grown three times faster than the rate of inflation.

乐施会指出，新冠疫情暴发以来，贫富不均日益凸显。全球亿万富翁的财富比2020年增加了3.3万亿美元，他们的财富增速超出通胀速度三倍。

The report finds that seven out of 10 of the world’s biggest corporations have a billionaire as CEO or principal shareholder, despite stagnation in living standards for millions of workers around the world.

报告显示，高达十分之七的全球最大公司拥有一位担任首席执行官或大股东的亿万富翁，尽管世界各地仍有数以百万计的工人生活水平停滞不前。

Compiled using data from the research company Wealth X, it says the combined wealth of the top five richest people in the world – Elon Musk, Bernard Arnault, Jeff Bezos, Larry Ellison and Mark Zuckerberg – have increased by $464bn, or 114%. Over the same period, the total wealth of the poorest 4.77 billion people – making up 60% of the world population – has declined by 0.2% in real terms.

报告指出，全世界最富有的5个人——埃隆·马斯克、伯纳德·阿尔诺、杰夫·贝佐斯、拉里·埃尔森和马克·扎克伯格的财富总额增加了4640亿美元，也就是增加了114%。与此同时，全球最贫困的47.7亿人（占世界人口的60%）财富实际缩水了0.2%。该报告采用了调研机构Wealth X的数据。

"People worldwide are working harder and longer hours, often for poverty wages in precarious and unsafe jobs,” the report says. “Across 52 countries, average real wages of nearly 800 million workers have fallen. These workers have lost a combined $1.5tn over the last two years, equivalent to 25 days of lost wages for each worker.”

报告称：“世界各地的劳动者工作比以前更辛苦，工作时间也更长，往往从事不稳定和不安全的工作，却只能拿到难以维持基本生活的工资。在52个国家中，近8亿劳动者的平均工资实际上下降了。这些劳动者在过去两年总共减少了1.5万亿美元收入，相当于每名劳动者失去了25天工资。”

Mirroring the fortunes of the super rich, it also says business profits have risen sharply despite pressure on households amid the cost of living crisis. It finds 148 of the world’s biggest corporations together raked in $1.8tn in total net profits in the year to June 2023, a 52% jump compared with average net profits in 2018-21.

报告还指出，尽管很多家庭都因生活成本危机而压力重重，企业利润却大幅上升。报告发现，截至2023年6月的这一年，全球最大企业净利润总额达到了1.8万亿美元，相比2018年到2021年的平均净利润暴增了52%。

The world’s richest 1% own 59% of all global financial assets – including stocks, shares and bonds, plus stakes in privately held business.

世界上最富有的1%人口拥有全球金融资产的59%，包括股票、股份、债券和非上市公司的股份。

Aleema Shivji, Oxfam’s interim chief executive, said: “These extremes cannot be accepted as the new norm, the world can’t afford another decade of division. Extreme poverty in the poorest countries is still higher than it was pre-pandemic, yet a small number of super-rich men are racing to become the world’s first trillionaire within the next 10 years.

乐施会的临时首席执行官阿莱玛·希夫吉表示：“我们不能接受这种极端情况成为新常态，世界承受不起又一个分裂的十年。最贫困国家的极端贫困状况比疫情前还要更严重，而为数不多的超级富豪则在竞争成为未来十年世界首个万亿富翁。”