由冰岛火山爆发引发的思考

Is global warming causing an increase in volcanoes? We got that question several times after the eruption of the Eyjafjallajokull volcano in Iceland. EarthSky asked volcanologist Bjorn Oddsson in Iceland. He said “definitely not.” Science hasn’t revealed any direct correlation between volcanoes and global warming. But that’s possible to visualize a connection.

冰岛艾雅法拉火山喷发后，我们多次收到读者的提问：最近火山爆发的频繁发生是全球变暖引起的吗？EarthSky采访了冰岛火山学家波恩．奥德森。他的答案是“不可能”。科学还没有揭示任何火山爆发和全球变暖的直接联系。

Bjorn Oddsson: It surely is getting warmer in the world, and glaciers are getting smaller and thinner. And we have volcanoes beneath glaciers. So the mass which is lying on top is getting less, if a volcano is ready to erupt, it’s more likely to erupt under thinner ice than thicker ice.

波恩．奥德森：全球肯定在变暖，冰川正逐渐融化变小变薄。冰川下面就是火山。所以当火山上面的覆盖冰层变少后，一旦火山处于爆发酝酿期，被薄冰层覆盖的火山更容易喷发。

After the Iceland volcano in April 2010, some scientists called for more research into whether global warming could trigger an increase in geological hazards – volcanoes, earthquakes, landslides, tsunamis. This idea is extremely speculative. No evidence yet exists. In Iceland, Oddsson said, volcanologists are asking another question – how volcanoes might affect climate, instead of the other way around.

2010年4月冰岛火山喷发后，一些科学家要求做更深入的研究以确定全球变暖是否会引发地质灾害发生频率的增加——火山，地震，泥石流，海啸等。该观点纯属推测，还没任何证据。奥德森说在冰岛火山科学家们正在探究另外一个问题——火山爆发会如何影响气候，而不是反过来琢磨这个问题。

Bjorn Oddssen: It can cause cooling in the world. It just blocks the sun out.

波恩．奥德森：这可能会引发全球变冷。因为火山灰把阳光挡住了。