美国"问题鸡蛋"来势汹汹

EarthSky

Today, egg safety.

今天谈谈“问题鸡蛋”。

In summer 2010, about half a billion eggs were recalled in the United States due to suspected salmonella contamination. Dr. William Schaffner, an infectious disease expert at Vanderbilt University, said that, right now, some of the safest eggs available to Americans are from small farms.

2010年夏天，美国召回约五亿只疑似感染沙门氏菌的鸡蛋。供职于范德堡大学的传染病学博士威廉．沙夫纳认为，现在美国市场上部分安全鸡蛋产于小型农场。

William Schaffner: The local farm is not an absolute guarantee of safety. But eggs from local farms are more apt to be safe from salmonella than on large farms, simply because in the large operations, if you get some contamination, it can spread widely.

地方小型农场并不能完全保证鸡蛋安全，但相对于大型农场，感染沙门氏菌的几率较小。原因很简单，饲养规模越大，感染后的传播范围越大。

He said that at industrial farms – which supply most supermarkets around the U.S. – hundreds to thousands of hens might become infected at the same time.

他说，在那些为美国大多数超市提供商品的大型产业化农场，成百上千只母鸡会同时染上病菌。

William Schaffner: The infected hen can actually instill the salmonella into the interior of the egg and the only way we can avoid that infection is by cooking the eggs thoroughly when we get them. And by ‘thoroughly,’ I mean no runny scrambled.

染病的母鸡就会逐渐向蛋内渗透病菌。我们人类避免感染的唯一办法，是将鸡蛋煮透后再食用。我说的“煮透”，是指煮到不含任何流质，完全呈固态。

He added that, in the United Kingdom, farmers must, by law, vaccinate their chickens against salmonella. He said the same rules are mandated, at present, by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.

他还说，美国农民必须依法为鸡接种沙门氏菌疫苗；目前美国食品药品管理局也已强制执行此项规定。