俄国人到达古老的南极湖

be exposed to遭受,暴露于…
例句：The machine is exposed to the wind and rain.
这台机器经受风吹雨打。

2. So they stopped drilling to find out what the heck they were getting into.

find out发现, 看穿, 揭发, 找出;查明
例句：We must find out the truth of the matter.
我们必须弄清楚事情的真相。
get into陷入
例句：Again they got into difficulties.
他们再次陷入困境。

3. Other ones, based on our DNA data, suggested that [the bacteria] would get their energy from minerals in the water.

base on使建立在…基础上,立足
例句：Action should be based on solid facts.
行动应有确凿的事实为依据。

4. They will put no probes into the lake or any hardware.

put into使处于某种状态
例句：The plan began to be put into operation.
这计划已经开始实施。

5. What they will do when they penetrate the lake they will back pressure their bore hole and they will let the lake water come up into the bore hole.

come up升起; 长出来; 响起, 刮起
例句：The sky was dark blue and clear when the moon came up.
月亮出来时, 天空是深蓝色的, 非常晴朗。

6. According to plan, water will rise up through the bore hole and be left to freeze over the Antarctic winter so the scientists can go back next year and analyze it.

rise up站起来；升起
例句：The balloon rose up slowly into the air.
气球缓缓升上天空。
freeze over封冻
例句：When the river freezes over, we can walk across on the ice.
河流结冻时, 我们可以踏冰穿过河面。

7. I also predict that once we really start figuring these systems out, we’ll find that they play an important role in biodiversity on our planet, a role in terms of carbon sinks and sources, which is important for the atmosphere.

figure out计算出; 解决;想出; 弄明白，理解
例句：I have figured out how much during the week I spent.
我算出了这个星期花了多少钱。
play a role in在……扮演一个角色，在某方面起作用
例句：The headmaster plays an important role in the good running of a school.
办好一所学校, 校长起重要作用。