国内找工作不再愁，就业岗位增多失业率明显下降

China’s urban unemployment rate fell to 3.83 percent in June, the lowest since 2002, the top human resources authority announced on Monday. The country’s employment structure also improved.

中国最高人力资源管理局周一宣布，6月份中国城市失业率降至3.83%，为2002年以来的最低水平。国家的就业结构也有所改善。

Officials and experts attributed the development to a steady economic rise and a higher-quality labor force.

官员和专家将这一发展归功于稳定的经济增长和高素质的劳动力。

There were 7.52 million new urban jobs offered in the first half of the year, up 170,000 from a year earlier, said Lu Aihong, a spokesman for the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security.

人力资源和社会保障部发言人卢爱红说：“今年上半年，城市新增就业岗位752万个，比上年同期增加17万个。”

Lu said the ratio of jobs to job hunters was 1.23-to-1, a rise of 0.12 jobs per worker from the same period last year.

卢说，就业与求职者的比率是1.23：1，比去年同期增加了0.12个工作岗位。

That means the job supply continued to exceed the number of job seekers, he said.

这意味着岗位需求人数持续超过求职者人数。

Yang Yiyong, director of the Society Development Institute, part of the National Development and Reform Commission, said the positive employment picture over nearly two decades is the result of rapid economic growth.

中国国家发改委(NDRC)社会发展研究所所长杨一勇表示，近20年来就业形势良好是经济快速增长的结果。

Better economic growth means more business and more orders for companies. So that requires more factories and machines to do the work, which of course results in greater demand for workers to do the jobs, he said.

“更好的经济增长意味着企业更多的业务和更多的订单。因此，这就需要更多的工厂和机器来完成这项工作，这当然会促使对工人的更大需求。”他说。

Lu said the employment structure continued to be optimized due to more jobs from tertiary industries. According to the ministry, people employed in tertiary industries accounted for 44.9 percent of workers in 2017, compared with 34.6 percent in 2010.

卢说，由于第三产业就业岗位的增加，就业结构继续优化。根据该部门的数据，2017年第三产业从业人员占工人总数的44.9%，而2010年这一比例为34.6%。

Yang said more people have received higher education in recent decades and so the country’s labor quality has obviously improved. As a result, more people are qualified for jobs in tertiary industries.

杨称近几十年有更多的人接受了高等教育，劳动力素质得到了大幅提升，也因此有更多的人可以满足第三产业的岗位需求。

But now there are increasing numbers of retired people over age 60 due to the aging population, possibly bringing shortages in the labor force, he said.

“但由于人口老龄化，60岁以上的退休人员越来越多，这可能导致劳动力短缺，”他说。

To cope with the increasing demand for pensions, the ministry is investing pension money in equity funds, bank deposits and nationally backed securities, such as bonds.

为了应对日益增长的养老金需求，财政部正在将养老金投资于股票基金、银行存款和债券等国家支持证券。

Up to the end of June, 14 provincial areas entrusted the National Council for Social Security Fund to manage the pension pool of 585 billion yuan ($86 billion), Lu said, "and 372 billion yuan of it has been invested. The rate of return on investment last year was 5.23 percent."

截至6月底，14个省区委托全国社保基金委员会管理5850亿元(860亿美元)养老金池，其中3720亿元投入。去年的投资回报率为百分之五点二三。

China’s Labor Law stipulates that companies must contribute the bulk of payments toward five types of social security for employees, including injury, medical and endowment insurance. Workers pay a minimal amount.

中国劳动法规定，公司必须向雇员缴纳五种类型的社会保险，包括工伤、医疗和养老保险。工人的工资最低。

According to the ministry, investments can expand funding sources and ease the financial burden of companies and governments as the population ages. It vowed to guarantee the social security fund’s solvency.

该部表示，随着人口老龄化，投资可以扩大资金来源，减轻企业和政府的财政负担。它发誓要保证社保基金的偿付能力。