美国民意调查揭露美式民主问题

One year ago this week, supporters of former President Donald Trump attacked the U.S. Capitol building and tried to overturn a democratic election.

一年前的这个星期，前总统唐纳德·特朗普的支持者袭击了美国国会大厦，试图推翻民主选举。

Twelve months later, a new NPR/Ipsos poll finds that nearly two-thirds of Americans believe U.S. democracy is, quote, "in crisis and at risk of failing," but not for the same reasons.

12个月后，美国国家公共电台和益普索调查公司(NPR/Ipsos)的一项新调查发现，近三分之二的美国人认为，美国民主“处于危机之中，面临失败的风险”，但原因不同。

This idea that U.S. democracy is in crisis - I mean, the poll found that it's a sentiment held by Democrats and Republicans, right?

关于美国民主正处于危机的观点——我的意思是，调查发现这是民主党人和共和党人的观点，对吗?

Right. I mean, the majority of Americans agree across the board, regardless of partisanship.

是的。 我的意思是，大多数美国人都同意，不管什么党派。

Overall, 64% of poll respondents say U.S. democracy is in crisis.

总体而言，64%的民调受访者表示，美国民主正处于危机之中。

But this sentiment is really strongest among Republicans.

但这种情绪在共和党人中尤为强烈。

A big percentage of Republicans agree with the false claim that there was significant fraud in the 2020 election.

很大比例的共和党人同意2020年选举中存在重大舞弊的无根据说法。

Here's Mallory Newall. She is a vice president at Ipsos, which conducted the poll.

这是马洛里·纽尔。她是进行这项调查的益普索公司的副总裁。

It is Republicans that are driving this belief that there was major fraudulent voting, and it changed the results in the election.

正是共和党人让人们相信，选举中存在严重的舞弊行为，从而改变了选举结果。

And fewer than half of Republicans are willing to accept the results of the 2020 presidential election.

只有不到一半的共和党人愿意接受2020年总统选举的结果。

That last number - that fewer than half of Republicans say they're willing to accept the results - is pretty much unchanged from last January.

最后一个数字——只有不到一半的共和党人表示愿意接受选举结果——与去年1月相比几乎没有变化。

In fact, it's actually down a little bit.

事实上，该数字实际上下降了一点。

Almost two-thirds of all poll respondents agree that democracy is more at risk now than it was one year ago.

几乎三分之二的民意调查受访者同意，民主现在面临的风险比一年前更大。

Among Republicans, that number climbs to 4 out of 5.

在共和党中，这一数字升至五分之四。

NPR did some follow-up interviews with poll respondents.

美国国家公共电台对民意调查对象进行了一些后续采访。

What did you hear from that?

你从中得到了什么消息？

Well, the answers differed, you know, sharply, depending on whether you're talking to Democrats or Republicans.

答案是不同的，你知道，很明显，这取决于你是在和民主党人还是共和党人交谈。

Two-thirds of Republicans in this survey agree with the false claim that, quote, "voter fraud helped Joe Biden win the 2020 election," which is a key pillar of the so-called "Big Lie" that the election was stolen from former President Trump.

在这项调查中，三分之二的共和党人同意“选民舞弊帮助乔·拜登赢得了2020年大选”的无根据说法，这是所谓的“大谎言”的关键支柱，即选举是从前总统特朗普那里窃取的。

This has been thoroughly disproven, but many Republicans are simply not persuaded.

这一说法已被彻底推翻，但许多共和党人根本没有被说服。

I mean, we talked to Stephen Weber from Woonsocket, R.I.

我是说，我们和来自罗德岛文索基特的斯蒂芬·韦伯谈过。

I think the Democrats rigged the election because I saw how, all of a sudden, the numbers changed at, like, 3 a.m.

我认为民主党操纵了选举，因为我看到，突然之间，数字在凌晨3点左右发生了变化。

And who the hell would vote for Biden?

谁会投票给拜登?

Eighty-one million people voted for Biden, compared to about 74 million for Trump.

8100万人把票投给了拜登，而大约有7400万人投给了特朗普。

But Weber says he doesn't trust mail-in voting or Democrats, and he still believes that the election was stolen.

但是韦伯说，他不相信邮寄投票或民主党人，他仍然认为选举被窃取了。

Clearly, a lot of Republicans feel that way, too.

显然，很多共和党人也这么想。

So Democrats also believe that America's democracy is fragile, but for very different reasons, right?

民主党人也认为美国的民主是脆弱的，但原因却大不相同，对吧?

Right. Democrats are also dismayed about the state of democracy, but they voiced concern about the voting restrictions that have been passed by a number of Republican-controlled state legislatures this year.

是的。民主党人也对民主状况感到失望，但他们对今年一些共和党控制的州立法机构通过的投票限制表示担忧。

You know, and they're struggling to make sense of this persistent belief in the fiction that President Trump won re-election.

你知道，他们一直在努力理解特朗普总统赢得连任这种说法的持续信念。

Here's Susan Leonard from Lyme, N.H.

苏珊·伦纳德来自新罕布什尔州莱姆市。

It's like a group mental illness has hit these people.

就像是一群精神疾病袭击了这些人。

I can't even wrap my head around it.

我甚至不能用我的头脑去理解它。

I cannot believe this is happening in our country. I am scared.

我不敢相信这一切发生在我们国家。我害怕。

Here we are almost to the day a year since the violent attack on the U.S. Capitol.

现在快到了美国国会大厦遭受暴力袭击一周年纪念日。

I mean, Joel, did the poll address the events of January 6?

我是说，乔尔，民意调查提到1月6日的事件了吗?

Is there any agreement among respondents about what happened that day?

被调查者对那天发生的事情有什么一致的看法吗?

Yeah, we did ask about it. And the results are, you know, all over the place.

是的，我们确实问过了。结果是，你知道，各个地方。

No one thinks it was a reasonable protest, pretty much.

几乎没人认为这是一场合理的抗议。

But beyond that, Americans really cannot agree on what it was.

但除此之外，美国人真的无法就这到底是什么达成一致。

More than half of Democrats call it, quote, "an attempted coup or insurrection," unquote.

超过半数的民主党人称其为“未遂政变或暴动”。

Republicans are much more likely to call it a, quote, "riot that got out of control," unquote.

共和党人更有可能称其为“失控的骚乱”。

And a pretty significant number of Republicans - almost a third - told us it was actually carried out by, quote, "opponents of Donald Trump, including Antifa and government agents," unquote, which is a baseless conspiracy theory that has been debunked.

相当多的共和党人——几乎三分之一——告诉我们，这实际上是由“唐纳德·特朗普的反对者，包括美国激进势力组织和政府特工”实施的，这是一个毫无根据的阴谋论，已经被揭穿。