经济学人下载:一周要闻 福建晋华被美禁售 人民币汇率跌至十年来最低水平 IBM340亿美元收购红帽

The world this week
本周要闻

Business
商业

Stockmarkets ended October on a positive note. But that was not enough to stop the month from being one of the worst for equities since the financial crisis. Markets were weighed down by investors’ jitters over rising interest rates, the slowing Chinese economy and uncertainty about global trade tensions. Some $5trn was wiped off the value of shares globally. The sell-off in tech shares was particularly brutal. The tech-heavy nasdaq index fell by 9% during October.
股市在10月份以一个积极的消息收尾。但这也无法阻止本月成为金融危机以来股市表现最差的月份之一。投资者对利率上升、中国经济放缓以及全球贸易紧张局势的不确定性感到不安，股市因此受到重创。全球股市市值损失了约5万亿美元。科技股的抛售尤其残酷。10月份，以科技股为主的纳斯达克指数下跌了9%。

America’s economy grew at an annualised rate of 3.5% in the third quarter, driven by a surge in consumer spending that compensated for weaker business investment. The second quarter chalked up growth of 4.2%, which makes this the economy’s best six-month performance since mid-2014.
美国经济第三季度的年化增长率为3.5%，这是由于消费支出的激增抵消了商业投资的疲软影响。第二季度的经济增长率为4.2%，这是自2014年年中以来经济表现最好的半年。

Economic growth in the euro zone slowed sharply in the third quarter, to 1.7%, year on year, compared with 2.2% in the previous three months. Inflation rose to 2.2%, the highest since December 2012.
欧元区经济增长在第三季度大幅放缓，同比增长1.7%，而第二季度经济增长为2.2%。通胀率升至2.2%，为2012年12月以来的最高水平。

Tensions surfaced between the government of India and the country’s central bank. The finance ministry has been putting pressure on the Reserve Bank of India to ease monetary policy and lending restrictions. The bank’s deputy governor warned of “catastrophic” consequences if the government tried to interfere with its independence.
印度政府和该国央行之间的紧张关系浮出水面。印度财政部一直在向印度央行施压，要求其放宽货币政策和放贷限制。该行副行长警告称，如果政府试图干预该行的独立性，将会承担“灾难性”后果。

The yuan hit its weakest point since the financial crisis, coming close to breaking the symbolic mark of seven yuan to the dollar. China’s central bank sets a daily peg around which the currency can trade. A weaker Chinese currency makes Chinese exports cheaper, a boon to Beijing in its battle to offset the Trump administration’s punitive tariffs.
人民币汇率跌至金融危机以来的最低水平，接近1美元兑7元的象征性关口。中国央行设定了人民币汇率每日浮动区间。人民币贬值使中国出口产品更便宜，这对中国政府抵消特朗普政府惩罚性关税的努力来说是一个好消息。

The main grievance behind those tariffs is America’s accusation that China is stealing technology secrets. This week the Commerce Department slapped a ban on American companies from supplying components to Fujian Jinhua, a Chinese chipmaker that is accused by Micron, an American rival, of intellectual-property theft. Similar American restrictions on zte brought that Chinese company to its knees earlier this year.
这些关税背后的主要不满是美国指责中国窃取技术机密。本周，美国商务部下令禁止美国公司向中国芯片制造商福建金华供应零部件。美国竞争对手美光科技公司指控福建金华窃取相关知识产权。年初，美国利用相似的限制令让中国企业中兴通讯屈服。

Investors breathed a sigh of relief after Facebook reported a solid quarter. Markets were keenly awaiting the social network’s earnings after a downbeat assessment it issued in July about its business wiped billions from its stockmarket value. Facebook made a net profit of $5.1bn in the third quarter on revenues of $13.7bn. Both figures were up from the comparable period last year, though the pace of growth was the slowest for some years.
Facebook公布了稳健的季度业绩后，投资者松了一口气。自该公司7月发布了一份悲观的评估报告后，市场热切地期盼着这家社交网络公司的收益。这份评估报告显示，该公司的业务导致其市值蒸发了数十亿美元。Facebook第三季度实现净利润51亿美元，营收137亿美元。这两份数据均高于去年同期，不过增速却是几年来最慢的。