英语代词用法的15个方面(很详细)

5. 疑问代词的语法要点

(1) 疑问代词的基本用法：疑问代词有what, which, who, whom, whose等，主要用于引出特殊疑问句。what除可用来询问人的身份外，一般指物；which可指人也可指物；who, whom, whose一般指人。

(2) what与which的区别：一般说来，没有一定的范围时，用what，其意为“什么”；有一定范围时，用which，其意为“(其中的)哪一个”。如：

What is the best book you’ve ever read? 你曾经读过的最好的书是哪本?

Which of these books is the best? 这些书哪一本最好？

(3) 疑问代词的综合考查：在高考英语中有时命题者会将疑问代词与其他知识点进行综合考查，如将疑问代词与强调句结合起来考查。如：

— _____ that he manage to get the information?

—Oh, a friend of his helped him.

A. Where was it   B. What was it      C. How was it       D. Why was it

解析：答案选C。从四个选项来看，似乎只是考查疑问词where, what, how, why的辨析与选择，其实它还结合了强调句的知识进行考查，根据答语中的 a friend of his helped him可知，问句问的是方式，故选how was it。

6. 替代词it, that, (the) one(s), those的用法

(1) it和that的用法：两者都可替代“the+单数名词(可数或不可数)”，均表特指，但it指前面提到的“同一”事物，而that是指前面提到的“同类”事物。如：

①The Parkers bought a new house but _____will need a lot of work before they can move in.

A. they                  B. it                         C. one                    D. which

解析：答案选B。it替代“the + house”，指的就是前面提到的the Parkers所买的那座新房子。

②Few pleasures can equal _____ of a cool drink on a hot day.

A. some                B. any                    C. that                    D. those

解析：答案选C。that替代the pleasure，指与前面提到的同属“快乐的事”。

(2)替代词one的用法：one用以替代“a＋单数可数名词”，表示泛指。特指的the one相当于that；the one复数形式the ones，在口语中也常用those代替；当后面有of短语时，一般用that或those，当有前置修饰语时，只能用one(s)，如the red one。one(s), the one(s), those, that都是替代“同类”事物，其中只有that可替代不可数名词。如：

①We needed a new cupboard for the kitchen. So Peter made _____ from some wood we had.

A. it                        B. one                    C. himself             D. another

解析：答案选B，one替代a cupboard。

②Mr Zhang gave the textbooks to all the pupils except _____who had already taken them.

A. the ones          B. ones                  C. some                 D. the others

解析：答案选A，后面的定语从句是特指，the ones替代the pupils。此处也可用those。