内部讲义:常考词的语法与用法(09)
3. 表示“交给”、“留给”、“让(处于某种状态)”等,注意以下句型:
(1) 用于 leave sth to [with] sb, 意为“把某物交给 (委托给)某人”。如:
You’d better leave the matter to [with] me. 你最好把这事交给我办。
I’ll leave everything to [with] you then. 那么我就把一切都交给你了。
(2) 用于 leave sb to do sth, 意为“让某人去做某事”。如:
He left me to wash the clothes. 他让我去洗衣服。
She left me to take care of her baby. 她托我照看她的婴儿。
(3) 用于 leave sb doing sth, 意为“让某人做某事(处于做某事的状态中)”。如:
His letter left me feeling pretty bad. 他的信让我感到很难受。
They walked off and left me sitting there all by myself. 他们走开了,让我孤零零一个人坐在那儿。
◆left & right n.,adj. & adv.
1. 用作名词,left 表示“左边”,right 表示“右边”,是一组反义词,但其用法较为相似:
(1) 其前通常有物主代词或定冠词修饰。如:
He doesn’t know his left from his right. 他分不清左右。
(2) 表示“在左(右)边”,根据情况可用介词 on, at, to。如:
Keep to the left (right). 靠左(右)通行。
He sat on [at, to] my left. 他坐在我的左边。
The shop is on [at] the left of the road. 商店在马路左边。
注:若表示动态地“向”左(右)边,或指较远的距离时,通常要用介词 to。如:
Then he looked to the left. 然后他向左边看。
The post office is a few yards to the right of therailway station. 邮局在火车站右边几百码处。
2. 用作形容词,通常只用作定语。如:one’s left hand(左手),the right side of the street(街右边)等。
3. 用作副词,注意其前不用介词或冠词。比较:
Turn left at the corner. /Turn to the left at the corner. 在拐角处向左拐。
◆less n.,adj. & adv.
1. 用作名词或形容词,作为 little 的比较级,通常与不可数名词连用。如:
Less noise, please. 请不要大声吵闹。
He has less money than you. 他不如你有钱。
注:口语中有时可用于可数名词前,但不少语法学家反对这一用法,建议学生不要仿用。
2. 用作副词,可修饰形容词或副词,表示程度;也可修饰动词,表示次数、程度或数量。如:
This is less important. 这个不那么重要。
My head aches less now. 我的头不那么痛了。
Eat less, drink less, and sleep more. 少吃,少饮酒,多睡觉。
I hope the next train will be less crowded than this one. 我希望下一趟火车不象这一趟这样拥挤。
3. 比较 less than & less……than:前者表示“不到”、“不足”;后者表示“不象(如)……”、“与其……不如……”。如:
It’s less than a mile to the ocean. 去大海不到一英里。
He is less honest than his brother. 他不如他哥哥诚实。
I regard him less as my teacher than as my friend. 与其说我把他当作老师,不如说我是把他当作朋友。
- 上一篇
- 下一篇