内部讲义:常考词的语法与用法(08)
8. 有个别情况,两者都可用,结构一样,含义一样。如:
How [What] about Friday? 星期五怎么样?
How [What] about having a rest? 休息一会儿怎么样?
How [What] do you mean? 你是什么意思?
◆however adv.
1. 表示让步,意为“无论如何”、“不管怎样”,用来修饰形容词或副词,其词序为:however+形容词或副词+主语+谓语。如:
However cold it is, he always goes swimming. 不管天有多
冷,他都去游泳。
You won’t move the stone, however strong you are. 不管你力气有多大,也休想搬动那块石头。
注:这样用的 however 与 no matter how 大致同义。如:
No matter how cold it is, he always goes swimming.
有时其后可以不出现形容词或副词(此时起连词作用,用以引导一个让步状语从句)。如:
However you travel, it’ll take you at least two days. 无论你怎么走法,至少要两天时间。
However you come, be sure to come early. 不管你怎么来,一定要早来。
2. 表示转折,尤其用于谈及一个既成事实时,表示转折,其意为“可是”、“仍然”等。可放在句首、句中或句末,通常用逗号与句子其它成分隔开。如:
He may, however, come later. 不过,他也许一会儿就到。
My room is small; however, it’s comfortable. 我的房间很小,但却很舒服。
He said that it was so; he was mistaken, however. 他说情况如此,可是他错了。
注:however不能像 but(但是)那样直接连接两个句子(注意正句中的标点符号)。如:
我们都已尽了最大的努力,不过我们还是输了。
误:We all tried our best, however we lost the game.
正:We all tried our best, but we lost the game.
正:We all tried our best; however, we lost the game.
正:We all tried our best. However, we lost the game.
◆hurry v. & n.
1. 用作动词,注意以下用法:
(1) 表示匆忙到某处去,hurry 之后只需直接表示方向的副词或介词短语即可,习惯上不接 go, come, move 等之类的表示运动方向的动词。如:
误:He hurried to go home (to go to school).
正:He hurried home (to school). 他匆忙回家(去上学)。
(2) 在肯定句中可以连用副词 up, 但在否定句中通常不连用 up。如:
Hurry up. 快点。
He told us to hurry (up). 他叫我们赶快。
Don’t hurry. There’s plenty of time. 别急,有的是时间。
注:hurry up 后有时可接“and+动词”来代替表示目的的不定式(很少直接跟不定式)。如:
Hurry up and get dressed. 赶快穿好衣服。
(3) 注意以下及物动词用法:
Hurry him up. 催他快点。
He hurried his steps. 他加快了脚步。
Her parents are trying to hurry her into marriage. 她父母正设法催她快点结婚。
注:有时用于被动语态。如:
I was hurried into making an unwise decision. 我在催逼之下草率地作出了不明智的决定。
2. 用作名词,注意用于 in a hurry(匆忙,急切),注意其中必须有冠词,在句中可用作状语或表语。如:
She dressed in a hurry. 她匆忙穿好衣服。
He was in a hurry to leave. 他急于要离开。
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