初级英语语法重点、考点与难点(19)

9. whose可以指物吗

I saw some trees ______ leaves were black with disease.

A. its                       B. whose                  C. his                       D. the

此题应选B。容易误选A。许多考生认为, 关系代词whose和who, whom一样, 只能指人, 不能指物。

事实上, 用作关系代词的 whose 与 who, whom不一样, 它不仅可以指人也可以指物(用作定语)：

There are some students whose questions I can’tanswer. 有些学生的问题我不能回答。

Can you see the mountain whose top is coveredwith snow? 你看得见山顶上覆盖着雪的那座山吗?

Here is a word whose meaning escapes me. 这里有一个词, 我一下想不起它是什么意思了。

当先行词为物时, 其后引导定语从句的 whose＋n. 也可换成 the＋n. ＋of which / of which＋the＋n. ：

窗户破了的那座房子是空的。

正：The house whose windows are broken is empty.

正：The house the windows of which are broken is empty.

正：The house of which the windows are broken is empty.

但是如果 whose所修饰的名词中心词之前有数词或其它限定词, 则不用 whose, 而用of which：

There I saw a large talbe, two legs of which were broken. 在那里我看见有一张大桌子, 其中有两条腿断了。

10. 不要在定语从句使用与关系代词同义的人称代词

—This is the book that I have read ______ dozens of times.

—But I have never read ______.

A. it, ×                     B. ×, it                     C. it, it                     D. ×, ×

此题应选B。容易误选C。本题第二句填代词it, 这容易理解。而第一句不能填 it, 则是考生很容易忽视的。显然第一句中的 that I have read dozens of times 是修饰 thebook 的定语从句, 此句中的动词read不能再接用 it作宾语, 因为它已有宾语that(也可省略)。

在做有关定语从句的试题时, 考生千万不要在定语从句中重复使用与关系词(或先行词)指代相同的人称代词：

我们昨晚看的电影很精彩。

误：The film we saw it last night was wonderful.

正：The film we saw last night was wonderful.

刚才同你讲话的那个人是谁?

误：Who’s the man you just talked to him?

正：Who’s the man you just talked to?

你昨天借给我的书很有趣。

误：The book you lent it me yesterday was very interesting.

正：The book you lent me yesterday was very interesting.

他就是去年死了妻子的那个人。

误：He is the man whose his wife died last year.

正：He is the man whose wife died last year.