中考英语语法完全突破——主谓一致
5. a number of与the number of(……和……都):
a number of意为“许多”“若干”等,number 前可用 good, great, large, small 等词修饰,其后必须接可数名词复数形式,用作主语时,谓语动词也用复数;后者意为“……的数量”,其后也接可数名词的复数形式或具有复数意义的名词,用作主语时,谓语要用单数。如:
A large number of young people like this song. 许多年轻人喜欢这首歌。
The number of workers in this factory is small. 这个工厂的工人不多。
【考例1】—What ________ the number of the students in your school?
—About two thousand. A number of them ________ from
A. is; are B. is; is C. are; is D. are; are
【分析】答案选A。
the number of…的意思是“……的数量”,用作主语时,其后谓语动词用单数;a number of…的意思是“许多……”,用作主语时,其后谓语动词用复数。
考点6 综合考查主语一致和其他知识点
【考例1】—Which would you like, tea or coffee?
—Either ________ OK, but I prefer coffee ________ milk. (深圳中考题)
A. is, has B. are, with C. is, with D. are, has
【分析】答案选C。either的意思是“两者中的任意一个”,表示单数意义,故可排除B和D;第二空填with,coffee with milk的意思是“拌有牛奶的咖啡”。注意,第二空不能填has,因为句子中已经有了谓语动词prefer,不能再用has。不过,若将其改为定语从句,则是可以的,如说成…I prefer coffee that has milk in it.
二、易错陷阱
陷阱1 弄错非谓语动词作主语的情形
当非谓语动词作语时,其后的谓语动词通常是用单数。如:
Getting up early a good habit. 早起是个好习惯。
To lean out of the window is dangerous. 身探出窗外很危险。
注意,如果非谓语后面接有复数名词作宾语,注意不要将紧随其后的谓语动词误用复数。如:
Climbing trees is dangerous. 爬树是危险的。
To Watch the flowers was very interesting. 观看这些花很有趣。
陷阱2 误解某些特殊名词的单复数意义
有些名词,如people(人们)、police(警察)等,虽然是单数形式,但它们只表示作复数意义,用作主语时,其后谓语动词要用复数形式。如:
Watch out! The police are coming. 当心,警察来了。
Some people are never satisfied. 有些人从不满足。
有些名词由于单数与复数同形,所以在考虑主谓一致时,要注意其单复数含义。如:
This sheep is from
These sheep are from
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