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中考英语语法完全突破——状语从旬

2017-10-03来源:和谐英语

 

 

考点考查原因状语从句的用法

英语中用于引导原因状语从句的从属连词不多,主要有because, as, since三个,它们均表示“因为”“由于”之类的意思,有时在翻译时可能比较灵活(也可以不译出)。如:

The little boy was crying because he was lost. 那小孩因迷路而哭。

I went to bed early, as I was very tired. 我睡得早,因为我很累了。

Since we’ve no money, we can’t buy it. 因为我们没有钱,我们没法买它。

另外,now that(既然)也可用于引导原因状语从句。如:

Now that you have come you may as well stay. 既然你来了,你就留下。

【考例1—Did you give Dick a call?

—I didn’t need to ________ I’ll see him soon. (江苏无锡中考题)

A. when                B. though              C. until                   D. because

【分析】答案选D。由于“不必打电话”与“很快会见到他”之间存在因果关系,即:因为很快会见到他,所以就不必给他打电话。故答案选D。

【考例2—Did you call Sara back?(http://ask.hxen.net/)

—I didn’t need to, ________ we’ll have a meeting together tonight. (安徽中考题)

A. though             B. unless               C. because           D. if

【分析】答案选C。由于“不必回电话”与“今晚会一起开会”之间存在因果关系,即:因为今晚要一起开会,所以就不必给她回电话。故答案应选表示原因的because。

考点考查让步状语从句的用法

所谓“让步”,就是指“退一步”,通常用“虽然”“尽管”“即使”之类的词语来表示。在英语中用于引导让步状语从句的从属连词也不多,主要有although(虽然)、though(虽然)、even though(即使,尽管)、even if(即使,尽管)等。如:

She kept on working although she was tired. 她虽疲劳但仍继续工作。

Though you aren’t rich, you could do something to help him. 你虽然不富有,但你仍可以给予他帮助。

I’ll finish it even if it takes me all night. 即使熬一个通宵我也要把这件事干完。

Even though we all tried our best, we lost the game. 尽管我们已尽了最大的力量,但还是输了。

有时,我们用whether…or…(无论……;不管……)来引导让步状语从句。如:

I’ll do it whether you like it or not. 不管你是否喜欢,我都要做。

Whether we help him or not, he will fail. 不论我们帮助他与否, 他都将失败。

另外,no matter…(无论……;不管……)也可引导状语从句,如:

It’s not true, no matter who says so. 不管是谁那样说,那都不是真的。

No matter what you say, I like to listen. 不管你说什么,我都喜欢听。

No matter when you come, you are welcome. 你什么时候来,我们都欢迎。

No matter how much he eats, he never gets fat. 无论他吃多少,他都不发胖。

【考例1________ they may not succeed, they will try their best. (河北中考题)

A. Though            B. When                C. Because           D. Unless

【分析】答案选A。“可能不会成功”与“尽力而为”之间既不是因果关系,也不是条件关系,而让步关系,句意为:虽然他们有可能不会成功,但他们仍会尽力而为。

【考例2________ well you drive, you must drive carefully. (山东烟台中考题)

A. No matter where B. In order that C. No matter how    D. As soon as

【分析】答案选C。根据句意可知,前后为让步关系,可将答案锁定在A和C。由于空格后为副词well,所以只能选C——因为how可以修饰well,而where不能。句意为:不管你开车开得多好,你都必须要非常小心地驾驶。

考点考查目的状语从句的用法

引导目的状语从句的从属连词主要有 in order that, so that等,其意为“为的是”“目的是”“以免”“免得”等。如:

Bring it closer that I might see it better. 拿近些,使我能看得清楚些。

He studied hard in order that he could pass the exam. 他努力学习以便能考试及格。

I’ m putting this letter on top of the pile so that he’ll read it first. 我把这封信放在那堆上面,这样他就会先看它。

【考例1Why don’t you start out early ________ you don’t have to hurry?

A. even though   B. as though         C. so that               D. as if

【分析】答案选C。so that在此引导目的状语从句,其意为“为的是”“以便”,又如:We arrived early so that we could get good seats. 我们到得早,以便找到好座位。

【考例1She worked hard ________ everything would be ready by 6 o’clock.

A. even though   B. now that           C. in order that     D. as if

【分析】答案选C。句中的in order that也是引导目的状语从句。句意为:她拼命干以便能到6点时把一切都准备好。