英语单项填空考点——冠词

英语单项填空考点——冠词

【考点揭密】在单项填空题中，冠词考点主要集中在以下几个方面：

1. 不定冠词表示泛指，或用于表示“又 / 再一”的序数词前、以及具体化了的抽象名词前等。

2. 定冠词用于表示特指、整个类别，或用于序数词、最高级、乐器名称、带介词的方位名词、表几十年代的以ty结尾的复数等前面。

3. 零冠词用于表示泛指的复数可数名词或不可数名词前、表示学科或语言的名词前、以及bed, table, school, prison, hospital, church等表示其用途时。

4. 冠词总是位于“(形容词+)名词”前。但不定冠词常用于half, such, what, rather, quite, many等后或“how(ever) / so / as / too + adj.”之后；另外，the通常用于both, all, twice等之后。

5. 习惯或固定搭配中的冠词。

【应试策略】掌握冠词用法的关键是：记住可数名词与不可数名词的用法特点；熟悉具体名词与抽象名词的转化规律；搞清泛指和特指、类指和专指等概念。

【真题精选】(按考点规律排列)

1. Jumping out of ____ airplane at ten thousand feet is quite _____ exciting experience.

A. 不填, the       B. 不填, an        C. an, an            D. the, the

2. The cakes are delicious. He’d like to have _____third one because _____second one is rather too small.

    A. a; a      B. the; the    C. a; the       D. the; a

3. Our neighbor has ______ours.

A. as a big house as      B. as big a house as 

C. the same big house as  D. a house the same big as

    4. —I’d like _____information about the management of your hotel, please.

    —Well, you could have _____word with the manager. He might be helpful.

    A. some, a    B. an, some     C. some, some     D. an, a

5. The sign reads “In case of ______fire, break the glass and press ______red button.”

A. / ; a    B. / ; the    C. the; the   D. a; a

6. Paper money was in _____use in China when Marco Polo visited the country in____ thirteenth century.

A. the; 不填  B. the; the  C. 不填; the  D. 不填; 不填

7. —Where’s ______nearest bookstore? 

—There’s one at _____ end of the street.

A. the; an    B. a; the      C. the; the     D. a; an

8. It is not rare in _____that people in ____fifties are going to university for further education.

A. 90s; the   B. the 90s; / C. 90s; their   D. the 90s; their

9. A bullet hit the soldier and he was wounded in ____ leg.

A. a        B. one        C. the        D. his

10. Summer in _____south of France is for ______most part dry and sunny.

A. / , a       B. the, /    C. / , /   D. the, the

11. I don’t like talking on_____ telephone; I prefer writing _____letters.

A. a; the    B. the; 不填   C. the; the     D. a; 不填

12. Mr Smith, there’s a man at _____ front door who says he has _____ news for you of great importance.

A. the, 不填  B. the, the   C. 不填, 不填  D. 不填, the

13. Most animals have little connection with _____ animals of _____ different kind unless they kill them for food.

A. the; a   B.不填; a  C. the; the  D.不填; the

14. I earn 10 dollars _____ hour as _____ supermarket cashier on Saturdays.

A. a; an       B. the; a             C. an; a              D. an; the

15. Five years ago her brother was ______ university student of _____ physics.

A. a, the       B. an, the     C. an, /  D. a, /

16. If the manager had to choose between the two, he would say John was ____.

A. good     B. the best       C. better      D. the better

17. One way to understand thousands of new words is to gain ______ good knowledge of basic word formation.

A. / B. the     C. a        D. one

18. —Have you seen _______ pen? I left it here this morning.

—Is it _____black one? I think I saw it somewhere.

A. a; the     B. the; the     C. the; a      D. a; a

【真题详解】

1. C。airplane和experience(经历)都是单数可数名词，表示泛指，因此，要加不定冠词。句意为：从一万英尺高的飞机里跳出来是一次非常激动人心的经历。

2. C。序数词前用定冠词表示顺序，用不定冠词表示“又 / 再一”。句意为：蛋糕很好吃，因为他吃的第二块太小了，所以他想再吃一块。

3. B。a / an一般用于“形容词+单数可数名词”前，但要用于“how / so / as / too + adj.之后”又如How clever a boy! He is so clever a boy. It is too big a stone.

4. A。information是不可数名词，排除B和D。have a word with(和某人谈一下)是固定短语。这类惯用短词还有have a cold, have a talk, have a good time, take a message for, go for a walk, keep a record, make a living, as a matter of fact, in a minute, just a minute / moment, once upon a time, as a result, once in a while, in a short while, after a while, in a word等。

5. B。fire 不是特指时不用冠词；red button是特指，用the。句意为：那块牌子上写着“万一失火，就打碎这块玻璃，按那个红色按钮。”

6. C。in use(在使用中)是固定词组；第二空是在序数词前加the，指第十三世纪。

7. C。第一空是最高级前用the；第二空中at the end of(在…的尽头或末尾)是固定词组。the还用于下列固定习语中at the age of, at the beginning of, by the side of, in the middle of, make the bed, go to the cinema, take the place of, the other day, in the end, on the left / right, all the best, all the time, at the same time, by the way, on the way等。

8. D。表示在几十年代，在以ty结尾的复数基数词前加the；表示在某人几十多岁时，用one’s 加以ty结尾的复数基数词。

9. C。表示打 / 抓 / 拍某人的某个部位时，习惯上在部位名称前加the。

10. D。在带介词的方位名词前用the；for the most part (多半，大部分)是固定词组。

11. B。on the telephone是固定习语；letters是名词复数表示泛指，不用冠词。

12. A。表示双方都知道的前门前用the；news是不可数名词，不是特指时不用冠词。

13. B。animals是名词复数表示泛指，不用冠词；kind是单数可数名词，用a表示泛指。此题出自NMET1996中阅读理解C篇的第1句话：Most animals have little connection with animals of a different kind unless they hunt them for food.

14. C。a / an与表度量的词连用，与per相当，意为“(每)一”；表示职业身份的名词前用a / an。

15. D。在表示职业身份的名词前用不定冠词，university虽以元音字母开头，但读音却以辅音开始，因此用a。又如，a useful book, a European boy, a one-eyed man等。physics是学科名词，前面不用冠词。

16. D。表示“(两者中)较…的那一个”时，用“the+比较级”。

17. C。knowledge虽是不可数名词，没有复数形式，但却常用a (good) knowledge of表示“了解 / 懂得 / 熟悉…”。

18. D。两空均为泛指，用不定冠词。