GRE杨鹏难句130句详解（11）

　　101、 with regard to this last question, we might note in passing that thompson, while rightly restoring laboring people to the stage of eighteen-century english history, has probably exaggerated the opposition of these people to the inroads of capitalist consumerism in general: for example, laboring people in eighteen-century england readily shifted from home-brewed beer to standardized beer produced by huge, heavily capitalized urban breweries.（4）
　　关于这个最后的问题，我们可以顺便指出，t尽管正确的使劳动人民重返十八世纪英国的历史舞台，但是他又可能吹嘘了这些人对于资本主义消费观在普遍意义上的敌视态度；比如说，十八世纪的英国劳动人民就很容易从家酿的啤酒转而引用由大型的、资本密集的城市酿酒厂生产的标准啤酒。in passing:顺便的、随便的、偶然的
　　难句类型：复杂修饰、插入语
　　解释：本句的难点就在于句子开始的we might note in passing that thompson…一句中，不认识in passing这个词组，现场就无法读懂这句话的结构和含义；好在这里这个词组没有什么特别重要的意思，即使跳过也不耽误大事。
　　in passing的意思是：顺便地，随便地或偶然地，其在英文中的同义词就是briefly,incidentally。句子中的note in passing that…就是“顺便提一下”，“简单说一句”的意思。
　　意群训练：with regard to this last question, we might note in passing that thompson, while rightly restoring laboring people to the stage of eighteen-century english history, has probably exaggerated the opposition of these people to the inroads of capitalist consumerism in general: for example, laboring people in eighteen-century england readily shifted from home-brewed beer to standardized beer produced by huge, heavily capitalized urban breweries.
　　102、 the correlation of carbon dioxide with temperature, of course, does not establish whether changes in atmospheric composition caused the warming and cooling trends or were caused by their.（4+）
　　当然二氧化碳与大气温度之间的相互联系并不能确定到底是大气成分的变化引起了气候的变暖和变冷的趋势，还是大气成分的变化是由气候的冷暖变化造成的。
　　难句类型：复杂修饰、插入语、省略
　　解释：本句主句中的谓语establish在gre、gmat和lsat的阅读文章中除了可以作建立的意思以外，还有一个更常用的意思，就是确定、确证的意思，等于determine, prove或confirm，另外，本句的省略很容易使读者将指代关系搞混：在最后的or were caused by their当中，存在两处省略：or之后省略了与whether一句中相同的主语changes (in atmospheric composition)；最后的their之后又省略了与whether从句中的主语一样的changes。这里不管将their之后被省略的内容看成是warming and cooling trends还是看成composition都是错误理解。
　　意群训练：the correlation of carbon dioxide with temperature, of course, does not establish whether changes in atmospheric composition caused the warming and cooling trends or were caused by their.
　　103、 such philosophical concerns as the mind-body problem or，more generally，the nature of human knowledge they believe，are basic human questions whose tentative philosophical solutions have served as the necessary foundations on which all other intellectual speculation has rested. （5 -）
　　他们相信，诸如灵与肉的问题，或更普遍而言，人类知识的性质等此类哲学关注，均是一些基本的人类问题，其探索性的哲学答案已构成一个必要的基础，其它所有的智力思辩均赖以建立其上。
　　难句类型：复杂修饰、插入语、倒装、抽象词
　　解释：本篇文章所讨论的主题就是哲学的起源问题，因此在这篇文章中出现大量的抽象词，是理所当然的。
　　然而本句的开始的结构比较特殊，出现了一个倒装结构，正常的语序应该是：they believe that such philosophical concerns as the mind-body problem or, more generrally, the nature of human knowledge, are basic human question…。笔者说此结构特殊，并不是因为我们司空见惯了的倒装本身，而是因为从句子的结构来讲，此倒装毫无必要，并无头重脚轻之虞。作者之所以这样写，一是为了强调句首的、作为文章主题的哲学，二是为了使句式有所变化，不至于过分单一，三是为了为难一下考生，看看读者看懂了没有，后面就对这句话出了一道题。
　　意群训练：such philosophical concerns as the mind-body problem or，more generally，the nature of human knowledge they believe，are basic human questions whose tentative philosophical solutions have served as the necessary foundations on which all other intellectual speculation has rested.
　　104、 the idea of an autonomous discipline called "philosophy，" distinct from and sitting in judgment on such pursuits as theology and science turns out， on close examination，to be of quite recent origin. （4）
　　细作审视，我们便不难发现，一种被称为“哲学”的独立学科——既有别于神学和科学诸般学科，并高高在上地对其予以评判——的思想，其渊源却是甚为近期的事。
　　难句类型：复杂修饰、插入语、抽象词
　　解释：本句与上面那句话出自同一篇文章，因此用户仍很抽象，在此解释几个对读句子比较重要的单词。
　　sit in judgment on :审视，做出判断，本文中特指文章前面所说的superior to；
　　pursuit:不是追求，而是指被从事的事业=occupation, career, interest, etc.
　　turn out:被证明是，实际是，同义词有：prove to be, be discovered to be。
　　这句话除了单词的问题之外，两个插入语把主谓宾全部隔开，尤其是第一个插入语还很长，造成了我们阅读的困难。
　　意群训练：the idea of an autonomous discipline called "philosophy，" distinct from and sitting in judgment on such pursuits as theology and science turns out， on close examination，to be of quite recent origin.
　　105、they were fighting, albeit discreetly, to open the intellectual world to the new science and to liberate intellectual life from ecclesiastical philosophy and envisioned their work as contributing to the growth, not of philosophy, but of research in mathematics and physics.（5-）他们战斗着，尽管是谨慎的，来为学术界打开新科学的大门，而且去把学术生活从宗教哲学中解脱出来，而且他们把自己的工作看成是对科学和物理学而不是对哲学成长做出了贡献。
　　难句类型：复杂修饰、插入语、省略、抽象词
　　解释：本句再一次出现两个and连接三个不属于同一层面的成分的情况：第一个and 连接两个并列的不定式，第二个and的级别较高，连接前后两个并列的句子，and之后相当于省略了主语they.第二个插入语起到的干扰作用比较大，把the growth of分割成了the growth, not of philosophy, but of…。
　　意群训练：they were fighting, albeit discreetly, to open the intellectual world to the new science and to liberate intellectual life from ecclesiastical philosophy and envisioned their work as contributing to the growth, not of philosophy, but of research in mathematics and physics.