计算机英语会话(MP3+中英字幕) 第3期:计算机系统(3)

Professional Terms专业术语constitute构成，组成create创造，建立however无论如果，不管（怎样）instruction指令，指示operate操作，运行，运算perform履行，运行，使用present呈现，表现；提供response回答，响应，感应task任务，工作Software is the term used to describe the instructions that tell the hardware how to perform a task.软件是用来描述指令的一个技术术语。而指令则告诉硬件该如何去完成一项任务。Without software instructions, the hardware doesn't know what to do.如果没有软件指令，硬件就不知该做什么。People ,however ,consititute the most important component of the computer system.然而，人却是构成计算机系统的最重要的组成部分。Operate the computer hardware.由人来操作计算机硬件；they create the computer software instructions and respond to the procedures that those instructions present.由人来建立软件指令，并响应软件指令所表示的过程。Right now let's discuss the importance of data and information .现在让我们讨论一下数据和信息的重要性。Notes注意事项Software is the term used to describe the instructions that tell the hardware how to perform a task; without software instructions ,the hardware doesn't know what to do.软件是用来描述指令的一个技术术语。指令告诉硬件该如何去完成一项任务。如果没有软件指令，硬件就不知该做什么。The purpose of a computer system is to convert data into information.计算机系统的目的就是净数据转换为信息。Data is raw, unevaluated facts and figures, concepts ,and instructions.数据是指那些尚未加工处理的、未被赋予数值的事实、数字、概念或指令等。This raw material is processed into useful information.这些尚未加工的原始数据经过加工处理后才能变成有用的信息。In other words, information is the product of data processing.也就是说，信息是数据处理的结果。This processing includes refining ,summarizing categorizing ,and otherwise manipulating the data into a useful form for decision -making.数据的这种处理包括对数据的精炼、总结、分类以及对数据的其它有关变换，以便使数据转变为对制定决策有用的形式。For example, the facts and figures contained in a stack of customer orders waiting to be entered into a computer-based order entry system are data.例如，用户大量订单中所包含的事实和数字，在它们正等待着被输入到计算机的订单输入系统时，就称之为数据；after the data is entered and processed,and output report about how that data affected product inventory would be information.而当这个数据输入处理之后，就产生一个这些数据在过去是如何产品总量的输出报告，这个输出报告就是所谓的信息。