美国文化口语秀(文本+MP3) 第256期:关于中国经济和创新

权威的《The Economist》(经济学人)周刊最近做了一期深入的专题报道，告诉我们中国仍然是全球最有活力的经济体。而且新的增长动力来自民间亿万创新、创业的人民。

精华段落1
"Back to Business": 王者归来
"Despite China's recent troubles, the prospect for its entrepreneurial private sector remain bright."
“尽管中国经济近期忧患重重，但中国民营经济体的未来却依然光明。”
Public sector: 国有经济
Private sector: 民营经济
SOE (state owned enterprises): 国企
Entrepreneurs: 私营企业主
Prospect: 未来、展望

精华段落2
"Manufacturing: Still Made in China"
"制造业: 依然中国制造"
"Chinese manufacturing remains second to none."
“中国制造业依然全球第一。"
Quality: 质量、品质
Innovation: 创新
Second to none: 最好的
"Kirk Yang of Barclays, a bank, believes the manufacturing sector is moving from 'Made in China' to 'Made by China'.
巴克莱银行的Kirk Yang认为中国制造业正在从“中国制造”转型为“中国创造"。

精华段落3
In the 1980's and 1990's, most factories were owned by firms from Taiwan, (like Foxconn) or the West (like Flex). Increasingly, he predicts, the sector will be run by Chinese firms. Twaiwan used to dominate the market for upmarket electronics components, but he thinks many Chinese parts-supplies-like BYDE, an arm of the electric-car firm BYD-are now excellent."
"80、90年代，大多数工厂由台湾和国外企业所有。但是这个行业将日益被国内企业占领。台湾曾经主导高端电子零配件领域，但是国内企业，如比亚迪旗下的BYDE已经发展为世界一流的配件供应商。"
Shift: 转型、转变
Made in China: 中国制造
Made by China: 中国创造
Preposition: 介词
OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer): 代工
Upmarket: 高端市场
Technology: 科技
Copycats: 复制品、抄袭
Label: 标签

精华段落4
"During the time when China's backward economy was rushing to catch up with the West, it made sense to copy. Many firms tried to innovate and failed whereas those who copied became billionaires.
在中国经济落后、正在追赶西方经济时，抄袭难以避免。许多企业尝试过创新，却以失败告终。而那些抄袭者却成为了亿万富翁。
Backward: 落后的
To catch up: 追赶
Billion:10亿
Sophisticated: 高端的、复杂的、有品位的
Chinese consumers have become very sophisticated: 中国的消费者已经变得非常有品味和鉴赏力。

精华段落5
"Chinese consumers' rising expectations and intensifying competition in consumer-facing industries are already pushing firms towards more innovation.
"中国消费者的要求越来越高，加上面向消费者行业的激烈竞争，企业不得不创新。
One example is Wechat, a popular social media and payments platform run by Tencent. Chinese consumer are now so demanding and globally-minded that you can't get away with JGE. You really need to be world-class to serve China."
"腾讯的微信，一个社交、支付平台，就是其中的一个范例。中国消费者的高要求和全球眼光使得企业不能再用JGE(Just Good Enough)马虎对待。企业必须达到国际一流水准，才能服务中国。“
Expectations: 要求、需求
Demanding: 要求高的、难以满足的

关键词：

The Economist: 经济学人杂志
Special Report on China: 中国特刊
Is the economy slowing down?: 经济在放缓吗？
Growth: 增长 (economic growth: 经济增长)
Double digits: 两位数 (double-digit growth: 两位数增长)
Financial market turmoil: 金融市场动荡
Theme: 主题