托福考试之写作复习指导:思路篇

　　8． God' s laws take precedence over man' s laws
　　9． protestors are ready to accept punishment for their beliefs
　　10． many famous people have engaged in civil disobedience (e.g., Mahatma Gandhi and Andrei 　　　　Sakharov)
　　11． there are many famous examples such as the Boston Tea Party and conscientious objectors 　　　during the Vietnam War
　　Against ：
　　1． no one is above the law
　　2． it can quickly destroy law and order
　　3． it leads to anarchy
　　4． it leads to contempt for all laws
　　5． protestors are cowards trying to escape punishment
　　6． protestors often resort to violence
　　7． the democratic process should be used to effect change

　　11．Abortion
　　For ：
　　1． it is a woman' s fundamental right, say abortion-rights advocates
　　2． it is necessary for unwed mothers
　　3． it is necessary for rape victims
　　4． it is necessary in some cases to save a mother' s life
　　5． procreation is a couple' s choice
　　6． it is a form of birth control
　　7． poor, illiterate women want it
　　8． most women support it
　　9． it is necessary to prevent overpopulation
　　10． it prevents unwanted babies from coming into the world
　　11． it is not murder because a fetus is not yet a human being
　　Against：
　　1． it is murder (infanticide), say anti-choice groups
　　2． life begins at conception
　　3． it is an unnatural practice
　　4． it is immoral because only God can take a life
　　5． a fetus is a human being-unborn but viable
　　6． the rights of a fetus must be protected
　　7． it is painful for the fetus-a barbaric practice
　　8． it is not the same as other modern birth-control devices
　　9． it causes many women to have guilt feelings
　　10．unwanted babies can be put up for adoption

　　12． Censorship
　　For ：
　　1． it is for the good of society
　　2． it protects children
　　3． every society has some form of censorship
　　4． the individual is less important than the community
　　5． absolute freedom leads to anarchy
　　6． many adults are not mature enough to make their own decisions
　　7． it can be carried out wisely

　　8． pornography is not art
　　9． pornography is in the hands of unscrupulous people
　　10．obscene works should be banned
　　11．it is necessary in times of war
　　Against ：
　　1． it limits the individual' s freedom and human rights

　　2． it is not consistent with democracy
　　3． it is subjective and not objective
　　4． it creates the problem of who will censor
　　5． it is disappearing in advanced countries
　　6． it deprives adults of their right to make decisions
　　7． it can be applied to all aspects of our lives
　　8． it is the first step toward totalitarianism
　　9． it draws attention to banned works and increases sales
　　10． voluntary censorship is better

　　13． Equality Of the Sexes
　　For ：
　　1． we all have the same Creator
　　2． matriarchal societies go back thousands of years
　　3． all advanced societies have given women equal rights
　　4． most companies have adopted equal pay for equal work
　　5． there are no skills women cannot master
　　6． there are even women body builders
　　7． men have a basic inferiority complex
　　8． women are more interested in peace than men
　　9． some world leaders are women (e.g., Margaret Thatcher )

　　10． women are superior to men in some fields
　　11．no scientific studies back up the stereotypes men have of women
　　Against ：
　　1． women have a different biological function
　　2． women are physically weaker than men
　　3． women can' t be mothers and career women at the same time
　　4． many women want to depend on men
　　5． most women want to stay at home and be mothers
　　6． women haven' t been given the vote in some countries
　　7． women are emotional and irrational
　　8． women think intuitively (no famous women philosophers)
　　9． hormones cause women to behave differently

　　14．Foreign Aid