大学英语四级模拟试题（五）

part　ii　reading　comprehension（35　minutes）　

directions：there　are　4　passages　in　this　part．each　passage　is　followed　by　some　questions　or　unfinished　statements．for　each　of　them　there　are　four　choices　marked　a），b），c）and　d）．you　should　decided　on　the　choice　that　best　answers　the　question　or　completes　the　statement．then　mark　the　corresponding　letter　on　the　answer　sheet　with　a　single　line　through　the　centre　．　

questions　21　to　25　are　based　on　the　following　passage：　

the　ordinary　family　in　colonial　north　america　was　primarily　concerned　with　sheer　physical　survival　and　beyond　that，its　own　economic　prosperity．thus，children　were　valued　in　terms　of　their　productivity　and　they　assumed　the　role　of　producer　quite　early．until　they　fulfilled　this　role，their　position，in　the　structure　of　the　family　was　one　of　subordination，and　their　psychological　need　and　capacities　received　little　consideration．　

as　the　society　became　more　complex，the　status（地位）of　children　in　the　family　and　in　the　society　became　more　important．in　the　complex　technological　society　that　the　united　states　has　become，each　member　must　fulfill　a　number　of　personal　and　occupational　roles　and　be　in　constant　contact　with　a　great　many　other　members．consequently，viewing　children　as　potentially　acceptable　and　necessarily　multifaceted（多方面的）member　of　society　means　that　they　are　regarded　more　as　people　in　their　own　right　than　as　utilitarian（功利的）organisms　．this　acceptance　of　children　as　

equal　participants　in　the　contemporary　family　is　reflected　in　the　variety　of　statutes　protecting　the　rights　of　children　and　in　the　social　and　public　welfare　programs　devoted　exclusively　to　their　well-being．　

this　new　view　of　children　and　the　increasing　contact　between　the　members　of　society　has　also　resulted　in　a　surge　of　interest　in　child-rearing　techniques．people　today　spend　a　considerable　portion　of　their　time　conferring　on　the　proper　way　to　bring　up　children．it　is　now　possible　to　influence　the　details　of　the　socialization　of　another　person's　child　by　spreading　the　gospel（原则、信条）of　current　and　fashionable　theories　and　methods　of　child　rearing．　

the　socialization　of　the　contemporary　child　in　the　united　states　is　a　two-way　transaction　between　parent　and　child　rather　than　a　one-way　parent-to-child　training　program．as　a　consequence，　socializing　children　and　living　with　them　over　a　long　period　of　time　is　for　parents　a　mixture　of　pleasure，satisfaction，and　problem．　

21．which　of　the　following　would　be　the　best　title　for　the　passage？　

a）the　place　of　children　in　united　states　society　

b）the　children　of　colonial　north　america　

c）the　development　of　cultural　values　

d）the　child　as　a　utilitarian　organism　

22．according　to　the　author，children　in　colonial　north　america　were　mainly　valued　for　their　　　　　．　

a）academic　achievements　

b）survival　instincts　

c）physical　characteristics　

d）productive　roles　


23．what　can　be　inferred　from　the　passage　about　formal　schooling　in　colonial　north　america？　


a）children　were　taught　to　learn　from　other　children's　success．　


b）children　were　taught　to　be　more　productive．　


c）schooling　at　that　time　was　very　undeveloped．　


d）teachers　and　parents　would　pay　much　attention　to　the　children's　psychological　needs．　


24．which　of　the　following　does　the　author　mention　as　a　cause　of　changes　in　the　role　of　the　child　in　the　united　states？　


a）an　increase　in　technology．　


b）the　growing　complexity　of　the　child's　psychological　needs．　


c）a　decrease　in　the　child's　intellectual　capacities．　


d）the　growing　number　of　single　parent　families．　


25．according　to　the　passage　parents　have　become　increasingly　interested　in　____　　．　


a）their　children's　future　occupations　


b）having　smaller　families　


c）adoptions　programs　for　childless　couples　


d）child-rearing　techniques　


questions　26　to　30　are　based　on　the　following　passage：　


on　june　17，1744，the　officials　from　maryland　and　virginia　held　a　talk　with　the　indians　of　the　six　nations．the　indians　were　invited　to　send　boys　to　william　and　mary　college．in　a　letter　the　next　day　they　refused　the　offer　as　follows：　


we　know　that　you　have　a　high　opinion　of　the　kind　of　learning　taught　in　your　colleges，and　that　the　costs　of　living　of　our　young　men，while　with　you，would　be　very　expensive　to　you．we　are　convinced　that　you　mean　to　do　us　good　by　your　proposal　and　we　thank　you　heartily．but　you　must　know　that　different　nations　have　different　ways　of　looking　at　things，and　you　will　therefore　not　be　offended　if　our　ideas　of　this　kind　of　education　happen　not　to　be　the　same　as　yours．we　have　had　some　experience　of　it．several　of　our　young　people　were　formerly　brought　up　at　the　colleges　of　the　northern　provinces　；they　were　taught　all　your　sciences；but　when　they　came　back　to　us　they　were　bad　runners，ignorant　of　every　means　of　living　in　the　woods，they　were　totally　good　for　nothing．　


we　are，however，not　the　less　obliged　by　your　kind　offer，though　we　refuse　to　accept　it，and　to　show　our　grateful　sense　of　it，if　the　gentlemen　of　virginia　will　send　us　a　dozen　of　their　sons，we　wi1l　take　care　of　their　education，teach　them　in　al1　we　know　and　make　men　of　them．　


26．this　passage　is　about　____　　．　


a）the　colleges　of　the　northern　province　


b）the　problems　of　the　americans　in　the　mid　18th　century　


c）the　educational　values　of　the　indians　


d）the　talk　between　the　indians　and　the　officials　


27．according　to　the　letter，the　indians　believed　that____　．　


a）they　were　being　insulted　by　the　offer　


b）they　knew　more　about　science　than　the　officials　


c）it　would　be　better　for　their　boys　to　receive　some　schooling　


d）they　had　a　better　way　of　educating　young　men