大学英语四级模拟试题（五）

28．the　indian's　chief　purpose　in　writing　the　letter　seems　to　____　　．　


a）politely　refuse　a　friendly　offer　


b）describe　indian　customs　


c）express　their　opinions　on　equal　treatment　


d）show　their　pride　


29．different　from　the　officials'view　of　education，the　indians　thought　____　　．　


a）they　taught　different　branches　of　science　


b）they　should　teach　the　sons　of　the　officials　first　


c）they　had　different　goals　of　education　


d）young　women　should　also　be　educated　


30．the　tone　of　the　letter　as　a　whole　is　best　described　as　____　　．　


a）pleasant　b）polite　c）inquiring　d）angry　


questions　31　to　36　are　based　on　the　following　passage：　


the　focusing　or　sharpening　of　the　image　is　performed　by　a　special　apparatus．in　every　camera，the　farther　the　object　is　from　the　eye，the　farther　forward—and　the　nearer　the　object　is　to　the　eye，the　farther　backward—is　its　image　thrown．in　photographers'cameras，the　back　is　made　to　slide，and　can　be　drawn　away　from　the　lens　when　the　object　that　casts　the　picture　near，　and　pushed　forward　when　it　is　far．the　picture　is　thus　kept　always　sharp．but　no　such　change　of　length　is　possible　in　the　eyeball，and　the　same　result　is　reached　in　another　way．the　lens，　namely，grows　more　convex（凸面的）when　a　near　object　is　looked　at，and　flatter　when　the　object　recedes．this　change　is　due　to　the　antagonism　of　the“ciliary　muscle（睫状肌）．the　ligament（韧带），when　the　ciliary　muscle　is　at　rest，assumes　such　a　spreadout　shape　as　to　keep　the　lens　rather　flat．but　the　lens　is　highly　elastic；and　it　springs　into　the　more　convex　form　which　is　natural　to　it　whenever　the　ciliary　muscle，by　contracting，　makes　the　ligament　relax　its　pressure．the　contraction　of　the　muscle，by　thus　tendering　the　lens　more　refractive，adapts　the　eye　for　near　objects（“accommodatesit　for　them，as　we　say）：and　its　relaxation，by　rendering　the　lens　less　refractive，　adapts　the　eye　for　distant　vision．accommodation　for　the　near　is　thus　the　more　active　change，since　it　involves　contraction　of　the　ciliary　muscle．when　we　look　far　off，we　simply　let　our　eyes　go　passive．　we　feel　the　difference　in　the　effort　when　we　compare　the　two　sensation　of　change．　


31．in　order　to　focus　on　distant　objects，the　lens　of　the　eye　____　　．　


a）becomes　more　convex　　　　　　　　　b）becomes　more　active　


c）becomes　more　refractive　　　　　d）flattens　


32．the　ligament，when　not　acted　on　by　the　contraction　of　the　ciliary　muscle，____　．　


a）maintains　its　pressure　on　the　lens　so　that　the　lens　remains　flat　


b）relaxes　its　pressure　on　the　lens　so　that　it　remains　convex　


c）maintains　its　pressure　on　the　lens　so　that　the　lens　remains　convex　


d）relaxes　its　pressure　on　the　lens　so　that　it　remains　flat　


33．functionally，we　may　compare　____　　．　


a）the　lens　of　the　camera　with　the　lens　of　the　eye　


b）the　lens　of　the　camera　with　the　ciliary　muscle　


c）the　lens　of　the　eye　with　the　sliding　of　the　back　of　the　camera　


d）the　sliding　of　the　back　of　the　camera　with　the　adaptability　of　the　eyeball　


34．which　of　the　following　activities　is　most　tiring　for　the　lens　of　the　eye？　


a）looking　at　a　distant　mountain．　


b）being　a“sidewalk　superintendent．　


c）watching　squirrels　being　fed．　


d）reading　a　book．　


35．the　tone　of　this　passage　can　best　be　described　as　____　．　


a）professionally　scientific　　　　b）argumentative　


c）matter　of　fact　and　formal　　　　d）informal　and　matter　of　fact　


questions　36　to　40　are　based　on　the　following　passage：　


are　you　aware　that　you　actually　possess　six　senses？the　sixth　is　a　muscular　sense　responsible　for　directing　your　muscles　intelligently　to　the　exact　extent　necessary　for　each　action　you　perform．for　example，when　you　reach　for　an　object，the　sensory　nerves　linking　the　muscles　to　the　brain　stop　your　hand　at　the　correct　spot．this　automatic　perception　of　the　position　of　your　muscles　in　relation　to　the　object　is　your　muscular　sense　in　action．　


muscles　are　stringy　bundles　of　fibers　varying　from　one　five　thousandth　of　an　inch　to　about　three　inches．they　have　three　unique　characteristics：　they　can　become　shorter　and　thicker；they　can　stretch；and　they　can　retract　to　their　original　po-　sition．under　a　high-powered　microscope，muscle　tissue　is　seen　as　long，slender　cells　with　a　grainy　texture　like　wood．　


more　than　half　of　a　person's　body　is　composed　of　muscle　fibers，most　of　which　are　involuntary，in　other　words，work　without　conscious　direction．the　voluntary　muscles，those　that　we　move　consciously　to　perform　particular　actions，number　more　than　five　hundred．women　have　only　60　to　70　percent　as　much　muscle　as　men　for　their　body　mass．that　is　why　an　average　woman　can't　lift　as　much，throw　as　far，or　hit　as　hard　as　an　average　man．　


36．according　to　the　selection，more　than　half　of　a　person's　body　is　composed　of　____　　．　


a）involuntary　muscles　　　　　b）muscle　fibers　


c）sensory　nerves　　　　　　　　　　d）voluntary　muscles　


37．intelligent　use　of　the　muscles　means　that　____　．　


a）one　improves　muscular　action　consciously　


b）one　always　knows　what　his　muscles　are　doing　


c）one's　muscles　are　used　only　to　the　extent　necessary　for　each　action　they　perform　


d）one　perform　simple　actions　without　working