恩波教育2008年12月英语四级考试预测试卷及解析1

　　Section B
　　26.C 27.D 28.A 29.A 30.C 31.C 32.D 33.A 34.C 35.B
　　Passage One
　　The final exam will be held next Thursday, the last day of the exam week. Remember to bring along two or three pens in case you run out of ink. Unlike the mid-term, this test will not include multiple-choice questions. You’ll have to answer three of the five essay questions. The exam will cover all of the subject matter we’ve learned in class. I would suggest you review your mid-terms as well as the text book and your class notes. The final will account for 50% of your grade in the course. The research project will account for 20%, and the mid-term 30%. I’ll be in my office almost all day on Tuesday next week. If you run into any problems, please feel free to drop in. Good luck with your studying, and I’ll see you on Thursday.
　　26. When will the exam take place?
　　27. What should the students bring with them to the exam?
　　28. What percentage will the research project account for?
　　Passage Two
　　Even though conflict can cause problems in the workplace, we cannot assume that all conflicts are bad for business. Some social scientists speak of “conflict management” as a chance to improve products or ideas.
　　One benefit from conflict is the improved thinking that may arise from competing among work areas. Just as in sports, weaknesses are detected and strengths are revealed. In academic circles, the conflicts of minds and thinking are seen as a means of protecting truth and exposing error. In business, likewise, one department may point out weaknesses in another. Or, a dispute over two choices may start a search for a better third choice that pleases all concerned.
　　Unfortunately, hostile feelings and ill-will can remain after many conflicts. Hostile feelings cancel out the good results that might otherwise grow out of such conflict. This suggests the value of controlling conflict. This control of conflict can lead to desired outcomes—better ideas and increased productivity.
　　29. Is conflict beneficial according to the speaker?
　　30. What is not a benefit of conflict?hxen.net
　　31. What can be done to prevent hostile feelings after conflict?
　　Passage Three
　　The United States is a country made up of many different races. Usually they are mixed together and can not be told one from another. But many of them still talk about where their ancestors came from. It is something they are proud of.
　　The original Americans, of course, were the Indians. The so-called white men who then came were mostly from England. But many came from other countries like Germany and France.
　　One problem the United States has always had is discrimination. As new groups came to the United States they found they were discriminated against. First it was the Irish and Italians. Later it was the blacks. Almost every group has been able to eventually escape this discrimination. The only immigrants who have not are the blacks. Surprisingly enough, the worst discrimination today is shown towards the Indians.
　　One reason the Indians are discriminated against is that they have tried so hard to keep their identity. Of course they are not the only ones who have done so. The Japanese have their Little Tokyo in Los Angeles and the Chinese have Chinatown in New York. The Dutch settlement in Pennsylvania also stays separate from other people. Their towns are like something from the 19th century. They have a different reason than the other groups for staying apart. They live separately for religious reasons rather than keeping together in a racial group.
　　Although some groups have kept themselves separate and others have been discriminated against, all groups have helped make the United States a great country. There is no group that has not helped in some way. And there is no group that can say they have done the most to make it a great country.
　　Many people still come from other countries to help the United States grow. A good example is the American project that let a man walk on the moon. It was a scientist from Germany who was most responsible for doing that. It’s certain that in the future the United States will still need the help of people from all racial groups to remain a great country.
　　32. Where did most of the first white men in the United States come from?
　　33. Which group of Americans is discriminated against the most?
　　34. Why did the Dutch live separately in Pennsylvania?
　　35. Where was the man from who helped Americans walk on the moon?
　　Section C
　　When young people get their real jobs, they may face a lot of new, (36) confusing situation. They may find that everything is different from the way things were at school. It is also possible that they will feel (37) uncomfortable in both (38) professional and social situations. (39) Eventually , they realize that university classes can’t be the only (40) preparation for all of the different situations that appear in the working world.
　　Perhaps the best way to learn how to (41) behave in the working world is to (42) identify a worker you admire and (43) observe his behavior. In doing so, you’ll be able to see what it is that you admire in this person. (44) For example, you will observe how he acts when he is in trouble . Perhaps even more important, you will be able to see what his approach to everyday situations is.
　　(45) While you are observing your colleague, you should be asking yourself whether his behavior is like yours and how you can learn from his response to different situations. (46) By watching and learning from a model, you will probably begin to identify and learn good working habits
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　　Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)
　　Section A
　　47. K 该空应填入一名词。由前一句和本句提到的“不能只根据学生的智力来给他们分等级。这(智力)只是他们全部……的一部分”，可以判断personality (个性)最符合句意。
　　48. A 该空所在句子意为“我们关心所有学生的全面发展，而不仅是他们的……能力”。根据上文所述，该处的能力即“intellectual ability”，所以academic (学术的，学院的，仅理论的)是最佳答案。
　　49. O 根据下文所列举的种种学习活动，这里应填入various (各种各样的)。
　　50. I 该空应填入一名词。在可选名词中，符合该句句意“给他们……来学习合作”的只有opportunity (机会)。
　　51. J 该空上下文的意思是“他们学习与别人合作。他们也学习如何处理……问题”。这样，personal (个人的)最合适。
　　52. D 该空应填入一不及物动词，而所在短语意思是“(学习)有效地……”。在可选动词中，应用communicate (交流)。
　　53. F 该空所在句意思是“学生们有时两个一组地学习或是完成的任务和作业”。因前面是“两个一组”，所以与之并列的另一选择只能是individual (单独的，个别的)。
　　54. B 该空应填入一形容词或分词，而所在句意为“学生们在……的时候也接受正式的课堂教育”，因此在可选词中，appropriate (适当的，合适的)最贴切。
　　55. H 与前文do their best (竭尽全力)相对应，该空应填入least (最小，最少)一词。
　　56. C 该空所在句意为“我们鼓励学生们……他们的目标”，只能填入attain (达到，实现)。attain one’s goal/objective/ambition意为实现目的、目标、抱负。
　　Section B
　　Passage One
　　58. C 细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句话，每一部科幻小说都必须包括“a narrator, a story, a plot, a setting, characters, language, and theme”，因此可以确定rhyme (韵，押韵)不一定包含在科幻小说中。
　　59. B 主旨题。文章第一段明确提出了科幻小说的定义，第二段和第三段是对定义的解释。第二段第一句话表明下文将论证定义中所述的“科幻小说是文学的一个分支”这一点。因此选项B最合适。选项A和C文章中未提及，而D只是一个方面，不是主题。
　　60. B 推论题。文章第三段第三、四句指出，科幻小说主题的选择和呈现与其它小说别无二致，作者以此来解释科幻小说的定义。因此，应选B。其它三个选项都与原文明显不符。
　　61. A 推论题。根据文章最后一句：“人们阅读欣赏科幻小说的原因和他们研究分析科幻小说的方法与他们对待其他任何长、短篇小说都是一样的。”可以判断出选项A是正确的。B和C都与文章的主要观点相反，而D不符合文章第二段第三句话的意思。
　　Passage Two
　　63. D 段落归纳题。文章第二段重点讨论了供求和价格的关系，它们之间互相关联，互相影响。因此选D。A中的“mechanized production” 是机械化生产，而文中mechanism意为“机制”。B、C两个陈述都太片面，不符合第二段的主要意思。
　　64. A 细节理解题。由文章最后一段最后一句可知，美国的私人企业不仅可以占有生产资料、劳动力和自然资源，还有自主定价和自主签订合同的权利。所以选项A最全面，而其它三项都是片面概括。
　　65. C 主旨题。文章第一段讲到美国经济运行的基本决定因素;第二段讲的是市场调节的具体操作;第三段讲到私人企业经济中的内容。第二段和第三段实际上把美国经济体制构成的两方面内容加以展开。总之，全篇介绍美国经济体制如何运作，答案应选C。其它三项过于片面，不能成为主要意思。
　　66. B 语意题。embrace意为“拥抱(某人);欣然接受或采取(某意见等);(指物)包括，包含”。根据上下文，这里因解释为“包括，包含”。句意为“私人所有的概念不仅包括拥有生产资料，还包括享有特定的权利”。
　　Part Ⅴ Cloze
　　67. D 根据本句后半部分，“export…tropical agricultural products”(出口热带农产品)，可知这儿应选 the Third World countries，即指“developing countries”(发展中国家)。
　　68. C 此处 deposits意为“资源”，与 mineral搭配意为“矿产资源”。range指“范围”;scopes指“取景，余地”。
　　69. A 第三世界国家出口矿产资源和农产品目的是获得外汇。available指“可得到的”;abandon为一动词，指“丢弃”。
　　70. B “be responsible for”指“对……负责，对……有贡献”。
　　71. D 全句意思是“旅游业也对发展中国家的快速发展很有贡献”。
　　72. B 发展中国家的状况应是高失业率和低工资。
　　73. A 介词to与emigration搭配，表示“移民到”。
　　74. C exploit指“剥削”;import指“进口”;specify指“明确”。本句承上，意思是“西欧已接受了来自地中海各国的几百万的这种移民”。
　　75. D 空格后为一从句，需一词引导，结合句意，选when引导一时间状语。全句意为:“当这种移民工人把他们的储蓄和所学到的技术带回国内时，发展中国家便获益颇多。”且后文有相同的句式提示。
　　76. C 结合句意，此处选back与bring搭配，表示“带回”。
　　77. A 结合句意，此处选establish(建立)与manufacturing(产业)搭配。predict表示“预测”;mention指“提到”。全句意为“当西方各国利用发展中国家的廉价劳动力在那里投资建厂时，许多发展中国家也从中获益”。
　　78. C take advantage of相当于make use of(利用)。challenge表示“挑战”;privilege表示“特权”。
　　79. B 此处as引导一时间状语。全句意为:当经济发展成熟时，发展速度会渐趋稳定。
　　80. D 根据常识，西方各国人口增长缓慢甚至呈负增长。
　　81. B 本句承上，根据句意“这种稳定(指经济发展速度和人口增长)最终导致了一种稳定的负增长市场”，此处选eventually(最终)。
　　82. C 本句中“set in”指“形成”，本句意为“一个饱和点形成了--科技发明似乎把连不可能的事都变成了现实，但它还能向前走多远呢?”
　　83. B 根据上述句意，此处选but表转折。
　　84. D 搭配类辨析题。“in his book”(在他的书中)。
　　85. A 根据后文的“rather”(而是)一词表明前面是被否定内容，且空格后为一倒装句，需否定词置前。
　　86. A 后句为“It is…that”强调句型。全句意为“创造效益和工作机会已不再重要;我们关注的应该是生活质量的改善”。
　　Part Ⅵ Translation
　　87. I got to the airport, only to find I had left my ticket at home.
　　88. The kids lay face down on the beach, their backs exposed to the sun.
　　89. He is old enough to know better than to go swimming right after lunch.
　　90. The new computer is sold at a much lower price than predicted .
　　91. A Dream of the Red Chamber is said to have been translated into dozens of languages in the last decade.