解读中国的MBA热潮

Many of China's most successful entrepreneurs do not seem like the MBA type. They are swashbuckling, self-made men (and sometimes women) often with little formal education — let alone a graduate degree in business.

许多事业极其成功的中国企业家看起来并不像是会去读MBA的人。他们是闯荡过商海、白手起家的男人（当然也有一部分是女人），往往没受过多
少正规教育，更别提拥有商学研究生学位了。 

But increasingly, Chinese businessmen and aspirant entrepreneurs are gravitating towards the country's rapidly growing business schools, eager for a formal education in modern management and the network of contacts they need to make it work.

然而，中国商界人士和渴望成功的企业家正日益受到在这个国家迅速发展的商学院的吸引，他们渴望获得现代管理学的正规教育、以及能够加以利用的人脉。

Some have been in business for decades and have already made a fortune before registering for an MBA or Executive MBA (an MBA for working executives). Yet they are still willing to pay up to Rmb538,000 ($85,000) to put the letters EMBA on their business cards, or Rmb150-350,000 for an MBA.

有些人在报考MBA或EMBA（后者为在职高管设立）前已从商几十年，并且已经发家致富。然而，为了在名片上加个EMBA或MBA头衔，他们仍然愿意支付高额费用。前者的费用最高达53.8万元人民币（合8.5万美元），后者的费用在15万至35万元人民币之间。

After rising at an annual rate of about 20 per cent for several years, MBA applications rose by 25 per cent last year to 90,000, according to the state news agency, Xinhua.  

据新华社报道，数年来，中国MBA报考人数一直在以每年20%左右的速度增长，去年更是增长了25%，达到9万人。

Many yearn for the education they missed as children — in some cases, because of the Cultural Revolution which forced many to leave school. Others did receive higher education, but in the days when Chinese universities taught little in the way of business courses. "Now most Chinese universities have a pretty good business curriculum," says Charles Chen, head of the EMBA programme at Ceibs in Shanghai. "But current EMBA students who started their career 15 or 20 years ago had nothing in terms of management knowledge, they learnt only by doing."

许多人渴望补上他们在年少时错过的教育——其中有些人是由于遇上了文革，那场浩劫导致许多人被迫中断学业。还有些人虽然受过高等教育，但他们在校的时候，中国的大学还不怎么教授商学课程。“如今，大部分中国高校都开设了相当不错的商学课程。”上海中欧国际工商学院(Ceibs) EMBA课程主任陈杰平(Charles Chen)表示，“不过，15至20年前开始走上职业道路、如今回来读EMBA的学生是没有学过任何管理知识的，他们完全是从实践中积累经验的。”

Many entrepreneurs think they can no longer get by with on-the-job skills. "Before you could make a profit not because you did the right thing, but maybe you did the wrong thing while other people were doing things that were even more wrong," he says. The current crop of EMBAs expects competition in China to intensify "so it will be more important to do things the correct way".

许多企业家认为，他们再也不能完全仰仗从工作中获得的技能生存了。陈杰平说：“以前你能够盈利，可能不是因为你做得对，而是因为虽然你做错了，但别人比你错得还离谱。”如今的EMBA们认为，中国国内的竞争将会加剧，“所以，以正确的方式做事将变得更加重要”。