飞机出事怎么办？11个不可不知的自救求生方法

当地时间7月6日，一架韩国韩亚航空公司的波音777客机在美国旧金山机场降落时坠毁，据最新报道，目前该客机坠毁已导致2人死亡多人受伤。如今航空旅行越来越普遍频繁，那么如何才能保证安全乘机呢？明确以下几点或许可以在事故发生时派上大用场。

Wear long pants, a long-sleeve t-shirt, and sturdy, comfortable, lace-up shoes.
选择长裤、长袖衬衫和坚固舒适的系带鞋。

Although you may want to be comfortable or professional-looking on a flight, sandals or high heels make it hard to move quickly within the wreckage. High heels are not allowed on the evacuation slides and you can cut your feet and toes on glass or get flammable liquids on or in your sandals if you wear them.
尽管你想在飞机上穿得舒适或职业，但穿着凉鞋、高跟鞋不利于在飞机失事后快速逃生。使用逃生滑梯时不能穿高跟鞋，而光脚或只穿凉鞋有可能会被玻璃划伤，或沾上易燃液体。

Book the right seats.
预定安全位置的座位。

The key to survive a crash is frequently how quickly you can get out. To this end, it’s best to get seats as close as possible to an exit, and aisle seats are generally preferable. In addition, try to sit in the back of the plane. Passengers in the tail of the aircraft have 40% higher survival rates than those in the first few rows.
通常情况下，逃生速度越快就越容易脱险。为此，所选座位离出口越近越好，最好能选上靠近过道的位置。另外，应选择靠后的座位。坐在飞机尾部的乘客在事故发生时，比坐在飞机前排的能多出40%的逃生几率。

Read the safety information card and pay attention to the pre-flight safety speech.
仔细阅读安全卡片，注意起飞前的安全通告。

Don’t assume you know it all already. Every type of airplane has different safety instructions. If you're sitting in an exit row, study the door and make sure you know how to open it if you need to. In normal circumstances the flight attendant will open the door, but if they are dead or injured, you'll need to do it.
别以为你已经知道所有的安全事项。不同类型的飞机都有不同的安全指导。如果你坐在出口一排，要仔细研究舱门，知道如何开门，以备不时之需。正常情况下乘务员会开门，但如果他们受伤死亡，就要你自己来做了。

Make a plan.
制定逃生计划。

If the plane is going to crash, you almost always have several minutes to prepare before impact. Use this time to once again review where the exits are, and try to count the number of seats between your row and the exit row—that way you’ll know when you’ve reached the exit even if you can’t see it.
如果飞机发生事故，你大概在坠机前有几分钟准备时间。利用这段时间再次观察出口位置，数清你的位置离出口有几排座位，这样即使在你看不见时也能明确出口方位。

Assess the situation as well as possible. Try to determine what surface the plane will land on so you can customize your preparations. If you’re going to be landing in water, for example, you’ll want to put your life vest on—don’t inflate it until you’re out of the plane—and if you’re going to be landing in cold weather, you should try to get a blanket or jacket to keep you warm once outside.
尽可能准确地估计状况。尽量明确飞机迫降表面，并作出相应准备。例如，如果飞机要降落在水面上，你则需穿上救生衣（但注意应在出飞机后再充气），如果外面很冷，你还应该带上毯子或夹克衫御寒。

Keep your seat belt securely fastened at all times.
任何时候都要系紧安全带。

In any case, make sure it is placed around you snugly before impact. Also, push that snug seat belt down as low over your pelvis as possible. The pelvis is a very strong structure that handles force well. If your belt slides up into your stomach, you have a greater chance of sustaining dangerous internal injuries.
在任何情况下，都要确保飞机冲击地面时把安全带系牢。另外，还要将安全带系在盆骨以下，因为盆骨结构更易受力。如果安全带滑到肚子上，内脏受伤的几率会大大增加。

Brace yourself for impact.
坠机时抱紧自己。

If you know you’re going to crash, brace yourself. Return your seat back to its full upright position, bend forward and put your chest on your thighs and your head between your knees. Cross your wrists in front of your lower calves, and grab your ankles. Place your legs as far under the seat as possible to avoid breaking your shin bones.
如果你知道马上就要坠机，抱紧自己。把座位调到完全竖直的位置，弯腰将胸部贴紧大腿，将头放置于两膝之间，双手在小腿前交叉后抓住脚踝。不要将腿放在座位下方，以防胫骨受伤。