金融危机也影响了北约的资金

Europe’s economic problems are making it even more difficult for the continent’s governments to fund often unpopular defense programs.  That is threatening to hurt the NATO alliance’s efforts to upgrade its capabilities so it can respond to unexpected crises anywhere in the world. 

When the U.N. Security Council voted in March to launch a mission to defend Libyan civilians, there was only one military force that could handle the job: NATO.

The alliance was able to dispatch ships and aircraft to protect Libyan civilians, and ended up turning the tide of the uprising that ousted Moammar Gadhafi.

“Libya proved that there are no other choices.  When the U.N. decides on a mission, who else but NATO could take it over?,” said French Air Force General Stephane Abrial, NATO’s supreme commander for transformation.

But that capability is being threatened by Europe’s economic crisis, exacerbating the difficulty European leaders have had for years convincing their people that defense spending is important.

Former British defense official Daniel Korski, says Libya was a success for NATO’s transformation efforts, but Europe’s economic crisis and the budget-cutting effort in the United States could slow them down.

“We are living in an age of austerity, and people are cutting their defense budgets as much as they can, and in an uncoordinated fashion.  So we are really seeing a very varied agenda being threatened evermore because different nations are basically cutting to survive, rather than to build capability,” Korski said.

The former head of the European Union’s defense agency, Nick Witney, says it is not so much a lack of money as a lack of coordination, and of interest in defense issues among ordinary Europeans.

“We are not actually short of defense spending in Europe.  What we are short of is using it properly, spending it on the right things, spending it effectively together.  And we do not do that because we do not take defense seriously,” Witney said.

For General Abrial that is a problem, because he says it is impossible to predict where or when the next crisis will break out or what military capability NATO will need to address it.

“We need to be ready, we need to have the necessary capabilities available to face any kind of operation across the spectrum, and we need to have these forces and these capabilities readily available when crisis emerges.  We do not design the calendar,” Abrial said.

General Abrial says NATO needs more resources, more coordination and more partners to meet its ambition to remain the world’s premier defense alliance, and to develop new high-tech capabilities to defend against missile and cyber attacks.