非洲农业改革才能确保粮食安全

2. outline vt. 概述, 列提纲,略述
例句：He outlined his responsibilities.
他概述了自己的职责。

3. surplus n. 过剩;剩余物;剩余额
例句：That country has a large surplus of food.
那个国家有很多剩余食粮。

4. bumper adj. 特大的, 丰盛的
例句：Farmers have reported a bumper crop this year.
据报道今年庄稼大丰收。

5. shortage n. 缺少,不足,匮乏
例句：There is a shortage of salt in this country.
这个国家缺少盐。

6. threaten威胁，恐吓，恫吓；危及，对…构成威胁
例句：An epidemic threatened the city.
瘟疫威胁着这座城市。

7. withhold vt. 扣留, 保留; 拒绝给予
例句：I withheld payment until they had fulfilled the contract.
他们履行合同后, 我才付款。

8. exceed vt.超过; 超越
例句：The demand for fish this month exceeds the supply.
本月的鱼市供不应求。

9. recommendation n. 推荐, 劝告, 建议
例句：The government has agreed to implement the recommendation in the report.
政府已同意实施报告中的建议。

10. spoil vi. 变质，变坏，腐败
例句：Some kinds of food soon spoil.
有些食物易变质。