气候变化对女性的影响更大

Women are more likely than men to be affected by climate change, studies show.

研究显示，相比男性，女性更可能受气候变化的影响。

UN figures indicate that 80% of people displaced by climate change are women.

联合国数据显示，因气候变化而背井离乡的人有80%是女性。

Roles as primary caregivers and providers of food and fuel make them more vulnerable when flooding and drought occur.

女性扮演的照料者以及食物和燃料提供者的角色使得她们在发生洪水和旱灾时更易受到影响。

The 2015 Paris Agreement has made specific provision for the empowerment of women, recognising that they are disproportionately impacted.

2015年《巴黎协定》为赋予妇女权力作出了具体规定，承认她们受到了不成比例的影响。

In central Africa, where up to 90% of Lake Chad has disappeared, nomadic indigenous groups are particularly at risk. As the lake’s shoreline recedes, women have to walk much further to collect water.

在非洲中部，乍得湖高达90%的水面已经消失，当地游牧部落尤其面临风险，随着乍得湖湖岸萎缩，女性不得不跋涉更远的距离找水。

"In the dry season, men go to the towns... leaving women to look after the community," explains Hindou Oumarou Ibrahim, coordinator of the Association of Indigenous Women and People of Chad (AFPAT).

乍得土著妇女与人民协会协调员Hindou Oumarou Ibrahim解释说：“在干旱季节，男性去往城镇……留下女性照顾整个族群。”

With dry seasons now becoming longer, women are working harder to feed and care for their families without support. "They become more vulnerable... it’s very hard work," Ibrahim recently told the BBC’s 100 Women initiative.

随着干旱季节开始变长，女性更辛苦地劳作，以在没有帮手的情况下照顾家人并为之提供食物。近日在接受BBC巾帼百名采访时，Ibrahim说， “她们变得更容易受到影响……那是非常艰辛的工作。”

A global problem

一个全球性的问题

It is not just women in rural areas who are affected. Globally, women are more likely to experience poverty, and to have less socioeconomic power than men. This makes it difficult to recover from disasters which affect infrastructure, jobs and housing.

不仅仅是农村地区的女性受到了影响，从全球来看，女性更可能遭遇贫困，其社会经济实力也很可能不如男性。这使得人们很难从影响基础设施、就业和住房的灾难中恢复过来。

After Hurricane Katrina in 2005, African American women were among the worst affected by flooding in Louisiana. As sea levels rise, low-lying cities like New Orleans will be increasingly at risk.

在2005年飓风“卡特里娜”登陆后，美国黑人妇女是路易斯安那州遭受洪水的影响最为严重的群体之一。随着海平面上升，像新奥尔良这样地势低洼的城市将面临越来越大的风险。

Increased incidences of violence against women, including sexual assault and rape, have also been documented in the wake of disasters.

资料还证明，灾害过后，针对女性的暴力事件包括性骚扰和强奸等也会增多。

Much as climate change is accelerated by human behaviours, the impact of weather and climate events is influenced by societal structures. Disasters do not affect all people equally.

尽管人类的行为导致气候变化加快，但天气和气候灾害的冲击受到社会结构的影响，灾难对所有人的影响并不相同。

In the wake of the 2004 tsunami, an Oxfam report found that surviving men outnumbered women by almost 3:1 in Sri Lanka, Indonesia and India.

在2004年印度洋海啸过后，乐施会一份报告发现，在斯里兰卡、印尼和印度，幸存的男性超过女性，二者之比差不多达到3：1。

While no one cause was clear, there were similar patterns across the region. Men were more likely to be able to swim, and women lost precious evacuation time trying to look after children and other relatives.

报道称，尽管原因尚不清楚，但该地区的整体情况存在相似之处。男性会游泳的可能性更大，而女性在试图照顾儿童和其他亲属时错过了宝贵的撤离时机。