美国内部针对是否接种疫苗强化针意见不合

INSKEEP: How normal is it for the agency's director, the CDC director, to overturn her own advisers?

英斯基普:该机构的主任，也就是疾控中心的主任，推翻自己顾问的决定有多不正常?

STEIN: It's pretty unusual. The CDC director usually accepts recommendations from the CDC's advisers.

斯泰因：这很不正常。疾病防治中心主任通常会接受其顾问的建议。

And, you know, Steve, it's the latest whiplash that kind of encapsulates all the mixed signals and intense debate that's been swirling around boosters in the U.S..

而且，你知道，史蒂夫，在美国，围绕接种疫苗强化针的各种复杂信号和激烈争论一直萦绕不去，而这是最新的一次争斗。

The committee voted unanimously to endorse boosters for anyone aged 65 and older, beginning six months after they were fully vaccinated.

该委员会一致投票通过，支持65岁及以上的人完成接种疫苗后6个月开始接种疫苗强化针。

And they also supported a third dose for adults who have health problems that put them at risk. But that's where they drew the line.

该委员会还支持对存在健康问题且这些健康问题将他们置于风险之中的成年人，进行第三次接种疫苗。但是他们决绝这样做。

INSKEEP: OK, so I want to make sure I'm clear on what's going on here. People who've been following the news know that the FDA endorsed boosters for high-risk workers the other day. I thought it was settled.

英斯基普:好，我想了解清楚这里发生了什么。一直关注这条新闻的人都知道，前几天食品和药物管理局批准了高风险工作者接种疫苗强化针。我以为就这么定了。

Then we find out that some people at the CDC object to this. In the end, it means nothing. Rochelle Walensky went along with the FDA.

后来我们发现疾控中心的一些人反对这件事。到最后，一切都毫无意义。罗谢尔·华伦斯基赞同食品和药物管理局的决定。

But why was it that some experts thought it was a bad idea to give boosters to high-risk workers?

但为什么一些专家认为给高风险工作者接种疫苗强化针是个糟糕的想法呢?

STEIN: Yeah, yeah. The advisors really struggled with that one. And at the end of a really long day, the panel narrowly rejected endorsing boosters for people in jobs that might put them at risk, like doctors nurses and teachers.

斯泰因：是的，是的。顾问在这个问题上确实很纠结。在漫长的一天结束时，该小组成员投票以微弱优势，否决了为工作可能会将他们置于危险境地的人群提供强化疫苗针的决定，比如医生、护士和教师。

A slight majority said there just wasn't enough evidence to support that. That put that my odds with the FDA, which just hours earlier, had authorized boosters for workers like that.

略占多数的人表示，没有足够的证据支持这一做法。就在几小时前，食品和药物管理局还批准了对这类工作人员使用疫苗强化针，这让我以为食品和药物管理局有胜算。

INSKEEP: Well, so we have a situation there where you're saying that what - this was a close decision for some people, then, in a close vote.

英斯基普:嗯，我们现在的情况是，正如你说的，这对一些人来说是一个非常接近的决定，在一个非常接近的投票中。

STEIN: Yeah, yeah, yeah. The panel was split almost evenly on this question. Six members voted to open up boosters for those folks, but nine voted against it.

斯泰因：是的,是的,是的。小组成员对这个问题的看法不同，几乎各占一半。六名成员投票支持为这些人群开放疫苗加强针，但九名成员投了反对票。

The opponents basically argued that there simply wasn't enough evidence to support giving boosters to otherwise healthy people no matter what jobs they do. Sure, immunity seems to be waning for older people.

反对者基本上认为，没有足够的证据支持为本来健康人群提供疫苗加强针，无论他们从事什么工作。当然，老年人的免疫力似乎正在减弱。

And maybe people with health problems are more vulnerable. But so far, all the vaccines are still doing a great job of keeping relatively young, healthy people out of the hospital and keeping them alive.

也许有健康问题的人群更容易受到感染。但到目前为止，所有的疫苗仍然在让相对年轻、健康的人群避免住院以及维持生命方面发挥着巨大的作用。

And there may be risks for a third dose, like an inflammation of the heart known as myocarditis, which is rare but has shown up frequently - most frequently among younger men. Here's Dr. Lynn Bahta from the Minnesota Department of Health.

第三次注射可能会有风险，比如一种被称为心肌炎的心脏炎症，这种情况很少见，但多发于年轻男性。这是明尼苏达州卫生部的林恩·巴塔医生。

LYNN BAHTA: I feel like we're being pulled into an emotional decision. And this is an emotional decision.

林恩·巴塔:我觉得我们卷入了一个情绪化的决定。这是一个情绪化的决定。

But we really do have to stay with the science. And I don't think we have the data in younger age groups to make a decision for a booster dose.

但我们必须坚持科学。我认为我们不应该用年轻群体的数据来决定加强针的剂量。

STEIN: But on the flip side, others argued quite passionately at times that many workers in risky jobs deserve whatever protection they can get, you know, especially health care workers who've been putting their lives on the line every day.

斯泰因：但另一方面，其他人有时争论得相当激烈，认为许多从事危险工作的人员应该得到他们能获得的所有保护，你知道，特别是每天都冒着生命危险的医疗工作者。

INSKEEP: It's really interesting to listen to that argument from what you're saying there, Rob, because you have one person saying, I feel we're being pulled into an emotional decision. And there is, in some ways, an emotional response.

英斯基普:从你刚刚说的话里去倾听你的观点，真的很有趣，罗伯，因为你提到说，我觉得我们卷入了一个情绪化的决定。在某种程度上，这是一种情绪反应。

STEIN: Yeah, yeah. You know, in a statement released early this morning, CDC Director Walensky - she sided with the argument that workers needed protection, too, in the face of the delta surge.

斯泰因：是的,是的。你知道，在今天一大早发布的一份声明中，疾控中心主任瓦伦斯基，面对Delta变异病毒的激增，站在了工作人员也需要保护的立场上。

In a pandemic, she said, the CDC, quote, "is tasked with an alyzing complex, often imperfect data and take action that we anticipate will do the greatest good, even when there is uncertainty."

在一场疫情中，她说，疾病防治中心（引用）“的任务是通过分析复杂的、往往不完美的数据，采取预计带给我们最大好处的行动，即使存在不确定性。”