阿根廷新总统大幅削减政府部门

Argentina's newly elected far-right president, Javier Milei, was sworn into office over the weekend.

阿根廷新当选的极右翼总统哈维尔·米莱上周末宣誓就职。

The former TV personality and self-described anarcho-capitalist won in a landslide victory, promising to bring big changes to an Argentina struggling with nearly 150% inflation.

这位前电视名人和自称为无政府资本主义者的人赢得了压倒性的胜利，他承诺将给正在与近150%的通货膨胀作斗争的阿根廷带来巨大变化。

He expressed admiration for former President Donald Trump and former Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro.

他对美国前总统唐纳德·特朗普和巴西前总统雅伊尔·博尔索纳罗表示钦佩。

The Economist's Latin American correspondent Ana Lankes joins me now from Buenos Aires. Good morning.

《经济学人》驻拉美记者安娜·兰克斯从布宜诺斯艾利斯与我们连线。早上好。

Hi, Leila.

你好, 莱拉。

Hi. So Milei ran on tackling the country's skyrocketing inflation, but he seems to have backed away from his campaign promise to scrap Argentina's peso in favor of the U.S. dollar.

你好。米莱继续应对该国飙升的通胀问题，但他似乎已经放弃了他的竞选承诺，即废除阿根廷比索，转而支持美元。

What changes can we expect to see?

我们将会看到哪些变化?

Yeah, so between winning the election in mid-November and taking office on Sunday, Milei backpedaled on many proposals, including the one you mentioned, dollarization, which was like his flagship proposal.

从11月中旬赢得选举到上周日上任，米莱撤回了很多提议，包括你提到的美元化，美元化是他的王牌提议。

And instead, his priority is going to be shrinking the size of the state.

相反，他的首要任务将是缩小政府的规模。

So in his inauguration speech yesterday, he said he'd cut public spending by around five percentage points of GDP,

在昨天的就职演讲中，他表示将削减占GDP5%左右的公共开支，

and he's expected to table a lot of reforms in Congress in the coming days, including cutting the number of government ministries, simplifying the tax system and maybe even privatizing some state-owned companies.

预计未来几天，他将在国会提出许多改革方案，包括削减政府部门的数量，简化税收制度，甚至可能将一些国有公司私有化。

So it's starting to sound a lot more like a conventional kind of liberal shock therapy program than the anarcho-capitalist platform he ran on in the campaign.

这听起来更像是一种传统的自由主义休克疗法，而不是他在竞选中提出的无政府资本主义纲领。

So, I mean, as you point out, this was his flagship campaign promise and now he's backtracking.

正如你所指出的，这是他的王牌竞选承诺，现在他却要改变承诺。

How will Milei's followers respond to this different approach, this softer approach, to reform?

米莱的追随者对这种不同的、更温和的改革方式有什么样的反应?

Yeah, that's a really good question because Milei's whole campaign was anti-establishment.

这个问题问得很好，因为米莱的整个竞选活动都是反建制的(反对现有权利结构的）。

He took pride in being this outsider who was coming to blow up the system, a bit like, you know, Trump draining the swamp.

他很自豪自己是一个来炸毁这个系统的局外人，有点像特朗普排干沼泽(沼泽指华盛顿的政治生态环境)行动。

And instead, since winning the election, he has appointed a lot of moderate technocrats and establishment figures to the top jobs in his cabinet.

相反，自赢得选举以来，他任命了许多温和派技术官僚和现存体制内的人物担任内阁最高职位。

So I think a lot of people close to Milei are a bit disappointed.

我想很多和米莱关系密切的人都有点失望。

But despite the kind of shifting alliances at the top, he's trying to maintain a close connection to his followers.

尽管高层的联盟发生了变化，但他还是试图与他的追随者保持密切的联系。

So, for example, yesterday he delivered his inauguration speech outside of Congress rather than inside Congress to legislators, as is customary.

例如，昨天他在国会外发表了就职演说，而不是按照惯例在国会内向议员们发表演说。

So I think that if Milei manages to fix Argentina's inflation problem in the next year, basically, his followers will forgive him.

我认为，如果米莱能够在明年解决阿根廷的通货膨胀问题，大体上，他的追随者会原谅他。

But if the situation gets really bad, I think he's going to be left with very little support.

但如果情况真的很糟糕，我认为他会剩下很少的支持。