极端高温席卷全美 急诊室人满为患（中）

Walk us through how high temperatures affect the body.

为我们介绍一下高温是如何影响身体的。

I think we all know inherently that that's the case. But I'm curious if you can take us through how it works.

我想我们都知道这样的事情司空见惯。但我很好奇，你能否为我们介绍这是如何运作的。

Yeah, I mean, I think at the sort of microscopic level, it is damaging cells and it's inactivating proteins and harming DNA.

好，在微观层面，高温会破坏细胞，使蛋白质失活，损害DNA。

So things that we need to live, to breathe, to function, how that manifests it for symptoms is varied, of course, but I would say heat exhaustion is the first clue that something is wrong.

这些都是我们需要生存、呼吸、运转的物质，这些症状的表现各不相同，但我想说，热衰竭是第一条线索，表明哪些地方出了问题。

If heat exhaustion, you start to feel lightheaded, dizzy, you have headaches, you may be vomiting, you may feel that you're going to pass out.

如果出现热衰竭，你会开始感到头昏眼花、晕头转向、头痛，可能还会呕吐，可能会觉得你要昏倒了。

And if you don't get into a cool environment quickly, get undressed, cool down as fast as you can, then you're really at risk of developing heat stroke.

如果你没有迅速进入凉爽的环境，脱掉衣服，尽快降温，那么你真的有患热衰竭的风险。

And really, what's happening here is, our body's ability to thermoregulate is impaired.

实际上，热衰竭会让我们的体温调节能力受损。

We are no longer able to do that when you reach temperatures that high.

当体温达到那么高时，我们就无法正常运转了。

And certainly, there's a lot of factors to that.

当然，这其中有很多因素。

Your ability to sweat, dilating your blood vessels, all those things help promote heat loss.

你的出汗能力，扩张血管的能力，所有这些能力都有助于散热降温。

And now, you can't do that when you get to such high temperatures, and you can't get help right away.

而现在，当体温过高时，身体无法运转，你也就无法马上获得降温帮助。

And then, heat stroke is the most severe form, unfortunately, heat-related illness.

不幸的是，中暑是最严重的高温病。

By that time, patients are confused, and they may not be able to talk to you. They may have seizures.

到那时，患者头脑混乱，他们可能无法与你说话。他们可能会抽搐。

So that is what we're seeing, unfortunately, right now every day.

不幸的是，这就是我们现在每天所看到的情况。

And what are the methods you use to treat these various things?

你用什么方法来治疗这些不同的疾病?

I would imagine that by the time you're coming to the E.R., it's not simply about cooling people down.

我可以想象，当你来到急诊室的时候，不仅是让患者体温降下来。

So certainly, rapid cooling, though, is a huge intervention for us, and what we focus on.

当然，快速降温于我们而言是一个巨大的干预措施，也是我们关注的地方。

But while we're doing that, we also have to support their breathing.

但在我们快速降温时，我们也必须维持他们的呼吸。

We've got to replace the fluid losses, and we have to treat any complications that come along the way.

我们必须补充流失的液体，我们必须治疗任何随之而来的并发症。

So patients who have heat stroke, usually that's above 104 degrees, we are rapidly cooling them.

中暑的患者体温通常高于104华氏度(40摄氏度)，我们会给他们迅速降温。

There's many ways to do this.

有很多降温的方法。

I would say the most effective way that we can do in a hospital setting is really what we call ice immersion therapy.

我想说的是，医院里最有效的方法是我们所说的冰敷法。

We are putting them in a bag. We are pouring ice with some water that can rapidly cool their temperature back to normal or -- core temperatures within minutes.

我们将冰掺着水倒入袋子里，这个冰袋可以在几分钟内迅速将体温降回正常体温或核心体温。