过去分词作表语和作定语的三点注意

三、注意分清是系表结构还是被动语态

过去分词用作表语时，其动作意味很弱，在功能上更接近形容词，它不仅可用于系动词be之后，也可根据需要用于其他系动词之后。如：

She looked astonished at the news. 听到这消息她显得很吃惊。

It took them a long time to grow used to getting up in the middle of the night. 他们花了很长时间才慢慢地习惯于午夜起床。

被动语态中的过去分词动作意味较强，它只能与助动词be（有时可能是get）构成被动结构，不宜用于其他动词之后。如：

The food was cooked last night. 饭是昨天晚上做的。

After the operation she was taken to the recovery room. 手术后，她被推进了恢复室。

所以如果语义需要，其后可以接表示动作执行者的by短语。如：

When their mother was ill the children were looked after by neighbours. 孩子们的母亲生病时，他们由邻居们照顾。

比较：

I was worried about you all night. 我整夜为你担心。（系表结构）

I was worried by the mice all night. 我被老鼠搅扰了一整夜。（被动语态）

【边学边练】用所给动词的适当形式填空：

1. Her face went pale when she saw the money was ________ (go). 

2. Please remain ________ (seat) until all the lights are on. 

3. You are entitled to 24 days’ ________ (pay) holiday per year.  

4. The ________ (excite) children are opening their Christmas presents.

5. She told me that she was not ________ (satisfy) with my examination results. 

6. Members shall enter the names of their guests in the book ________ (provide).

7. He was ________ (mistake) when he thought I was on vacation. Actually I wasn’t. 

8. We want to get ________ (marry) and start a family and all. But that takes money.  

9. Everybody was touched beyond words after they heard her ________ (move) story.

10. If you happen to get ________ (lose) in the wild, you’d better stay where you are and wait for help.

参考答案：1. gone  2. seated  3. paid  4. excited  5. satisfied  6. provided  7. mistaken  8. married  9. moving  10. lost (www.hxen.net