和谐英语

您现在的位置是:首页 > 英语语法 > 语法讲解

正文

名师详解语法易错题(05)

2017-09-18来源:和谐英语

 

 

3. We keep in touch _________ writing often.

A. with                     B. of                        C. on                       D. by

许多同学根据 keep in touch with (与……保持联系)这一搭配推断出此题应选A。但是选A错了,因为套此搭配此句意思不通,正确答案应是D,by 表示方式,by writing 意为“通过写信”,全句意为“我们通过经常写信保持联系”。请再看几例(均与介词搭配有关):

(1) We’ve talked a lot _________ cars. What about trains?

A. of                        B. with                     C. about                   D. in

由于受 a lot of 这一常用结构的影响,许多同学毫不犹豫地选了A,但是错了。原因是:若选 of,a lot of cars 即为动词 talk 的宾语,但事实上,动词 talk 是不及物动词。正确答案是C,句中的a lot是修饰动词 talked 的状语,talk about才是一个动词短语。 全句意为“我们对汽车已谈了不少,现在谈谈火车怎么样?”

(2) We all regarded the poor old man _________sympathy.

A. as                        B. with                     C. of                        D. by

许多同学一看到句中的 regard 和选项中的 as,马上就联想到 regard … as …(把……看作……)这一搭配,从而断定此题应选A。错了,原因是将此搭配套入原句,句子意思不通。正确答案是B,句意为“我们大家都很同情这位老人”。又如:

Now they regarded her with a new respect. 现在他们对她有了新的崇敬之情。

(3) We've decided to leave _________ the farm at once.(www.hxen.net)

A. on                        B. to                         C. for                       D. at

许多同学知道 farm 前习惯上要用介词 on,所以断定此题应选A,但是错了。最佳答案应是C,leave for 意为“动身去”。全句意为“我们决定马上动身去农场”。

(4) “How long have you been here?” “_________ the end of last month.”

A. In                        B. By                        C. At                        D. Since

由于 in the end, by the end (of), at the end (of) 等均属常用搭配,所以许多同学便将此题的正确答案确定在A、B、C三项之中。而事实上,此题A、B、C均不适合,只有D是最佳的,这与上文的语境有关,上文询问“多久”,下文理应用表示一段时间的短语来回答。

 

4. Mrs Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had _________ went wrong again.

A. it                         B. it repaired           C. repaired              D. to be repaired

这是一道上海高考英语题,答案选C,许多同学因不能正确分析句子结构,不知如何下笔。现分析如下:句中to see 后的基本结构是:the washing machine went wrong again.(洗衣机又出毛病了),其中 (that) she had had repaired 套用的句型是“have + 名词或代词 + 过去分词”,即 have the washing machine repaired;另外,从时间上看,“请人修洗衣机”应在“出故障”之前,故 have the washing machine repaired 用了过去完成时态,即用 had had the washing machine repaired;从修饰角度看,题目中she had had repaired 为修饰名词 the washing machine 的定语从句(意为“她曾请人修理过的洗衣机”),引导该定语从句的关系代词为 that,因其用作宾语被省略,也正因为如此,题目中的 she had had repaired 的第二个had 后既不能用 the washing machine 或 it,这也就是为什么不能选B的原因。