名师详解语法易错题（05）

如果有的同学还明白，我们可以从反面来分析一下：假若选B，则有 (that) she had had it repaired，而它作为修饰 the washing machine 的定语从句是有问题的，为什么有问题呢？那是因为 she had had it repaired 这个句子的结构（或成分）是完整的，它有主语、有谓语、有宾语，这样一来，引导这个定语从句的关系代词 that 就没有着落了，因为关系代词 that 要么作主语(不可省略)，要么作宾语(可以省略)，而 she had had it repaired 这个定语从句既不缺主语，也不缺宾语，所以错了。假若去掉其中的 it，即改选C，则对了，因为这样一来，that 可用作动词 repaired 的宾语。现在我们将此题改编一下，将其改为：

Mrs Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had _________ went wrong again.

A. it                         B. it repaired             C. repaired                D. to be repaired

答案应选哪个呢？选B还是C？仍然要选C，但是意思变了，即“她自己修理过的洗衣机又出故障了”，因为此时修饰 the washing machine 的定语从句变成了 she had repaired。不能选B，道理同上。

请比较下面一题：

A computer does only what thinking people _________.

A. have it do             B. have it done          C. have done it          D. having it done

答案选A，选项中的 it 指的是 the computer，而不是指 the work 之类的。其中的 what 用作动词 do 的宾语。句意为“人们要计算机做什么，它就做什么”。

5. It was what he meant rather than what he said _________ annoyed me.

A. which                  B. as                        C. what                    D. that

许多同学对此题的结构分析感到无从下手。其实，此题为一个强调句型，空格处应填 that (即选D)，被强调成分为 what he meant rather than what he said。句意为“让我生气的不是他说的话，而是他话中的意思”。请再看几例：

(1) It was his nervousness in the interview _________ probably lost him the job.

A. which                  B. since                    C. that                      D. what

答案选C，为强调句型，被强调成分为 his nervousness in the interview，句意为“很可能是面试时表现出紧张，使他失去了这份工作”。

(2) It is the ability to do the job _________ matters not where you come from or what you are.

A. one                      B. that                      C. what                    D. it

答案选B，为强调句型，被强调成分为 the ability to do the job，句意为“重要的是你做工作的能力，而不是你来自何地或你是从事什么工作的”。

6. We solved the problem by reducing our costs and _________ more money.

A. borrowed             B. borrowing            C. would borrow  D. had borrowed

【分析】此题容易误选A，认为 borrowed more money 与 solved the problem 为并列谓语。其实，根据上下文的语境，应选 B，即 borrowing more money与 reducing the costs并列。句意为“我们靠减少费用和多借钱的办法解决了问题”。请看类例(www.hxen.net)：

One learns a language by making mistakes and _________ them.

A. correct                 B. correcting             C. corrects               D. to correct

答案选B， correcting them 与 making mistakes 并列，一起用作介词 by 的宾语。

7. Please make my excuse at tomorrow’s meeting — I’ve got too much work _________.

A. to do to come       B. doing coming       C. to do coming        D. doing to come

【分析】此题最佳答案为A，不定式 to do 与 have got much work 搭配，即 have got much work to do (有许多工作要做)；不定式 to come 与 much 前的 too 搭配，构成 too…to… 句式，全句意为“我有太多的工作要做，不能来”。