内部讲义：常考词的语法与用法(08)

可否赏光和我一起吃饭?

正：Will you do me the honour of dining with me?

正：Will you do me the honour to dine with me?

我很荣幸地通知您，您已被接纳为国际网球俱乐部成员。

正：I have the honour to inform you that you have been accepted as a member of the International Tennis Club.

正：I have the honour of informing you that you have been accepted as a member of the International Tennis Club.

3. 用于 in honour of, 相当于一个复合介词，其意为“为向……表示敬意”、“为纪念……”、“为祝贺……”、“为欢迎……”、 “为招待……”等。如：

They held a party in honour of the visiting president. 他们向来访的总统表示敬意而举行了欢迎宴会。

◆hope v. & n.

1. 表示“希望”、可用作及物或不及物动词，使用时注意：

(1) 用作及物动词，其宾语通常只能是不定式或 that从句。如：

I hope to visit this place again. 我希望能再次探访此地。

We hope that he will come tomorrow. 我们希望他明天能来。

注：其后可接不定式，注意不要按汉语习惯后接不定式的复合结构，因此不能说：

误：He hopes her to go with him.

正：He hopes that she will go with him. 他希望她能同他一 起去。

(2) 用作及物动词后接 that 从句时，还有以下几点需注意：

a. 从句谓语可用一般现在时代替将来时。如：

I hope that you (will) like it. 希望你会希望它。

b. 后接否定的宾语从句时，其否定通常不能转移到主句上。如：

I hope you didn’t say that. 我希望你没有那样说。

c. 用于简略回答时，要用 I hope not, 一般不说 I don’t hopeso。如：

A：Will it rain tomorrow? 明天会下雨吗?

B：I hope so (not). 希望如此(希望不会)。

比较：I don’t hope so(我不希望是这样)。

(3) 用作不及物动词，其后通常接介词 for。比较：

我希望有台电脑。

正：I hope for a computer. /I hope to have a computer.

误：I hope a computer. /I hope having a computer.

我们希望他能及时赶到。

正：We hope for him to arrive in time.

误：We hope him to arrive in time.

2. 用作名词(可数或不可数)，注意以下用法：

(1) 表示做某事的愿望或希望，其后不接不定式，而接 of doing sth。如：

He has no hope of succeeding [success]. 他没有成功的希望。

They have great hopes of winning. 他们大有获胜的希望。

(2) 与动词用法相似，表示希望有或得到某物，后接介词for。如：

Our hopes for fine weather were not disappointed. 我们盼望天气好，这倒并未落空。

(3) 注意以下各组表达大致同义，但结构不同：即用冠词，hope用单数，不用冠词，hope 用复数：

in the hope of doing / in hopes of doing 希望……

in the hope that……/ in hopes that……希望……

have the hope of doing / have hopes of doing 有希望……

have the hope that……/ have hopes that……有希望……