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《英语常用词汇辨析手册》精彩片段

2016-05-28来源:和谐英语

 

all along, all the time

这两个短语都有“一直,自始至终”的意思。

all along是个习语,表示“从头到尾,一直”。如:

I knew that all along. 我从一开始就知道此事。

I saw trees all along the road. 我一路上都看见有树。

all the time是个普通短语,表示“始终”。如:

Conditions are changing all the time. 情况在不断地变化。

 

all one’s life , in life

all one’s life 意思是“一生,终生,一辈子”。如:

My mother taught English in the village school all her life.我母亲在那所乡村学校教了一辈子英语

in life的意思是“生前,活着的时候”。如:

The important thing in life is to have a great aim, and the determination to attain it. 人生最重要的事情是有一个伟大的目标和实现这个目标的决心。

 

All right, That’s all right

这是两句口语中常用的答语,意思不同。All right是“行的”,“好的”“可以”的意思,一般用于“赞同”意见。如:

—Let’s go for a walk, shall we? 我们去散步好吗?

—All right. 好。

—Shall we meet at seven? 我们七点碰头好吗?

—All right. 行。

All right还可以表示:

1)健康状况良好。如:

Are you feeling all right? 你身体觉得好吗?

2)圆满、顺利。如:

Can you speak English all right now? 你现在英语说得很好了吗?

Everything is all right. 一切顺利。

3)的确。如:

She is pretty, all right, but I don’t like her. 她是漂亮,但我不喜欢她。

That’s all right. 是“没有关系”的意思,是对别人抱歉的安慰语。如:

—I am sorry I was not able to come yesterday evening. I had a bad cold. 对不起,昨晚我没有来,我感冒了。

—That’s all right. 没关系。

 

allow, let, permit, promise, admit

let, allow和permit,意思都是允许,但词意依次增强,许多情况下可以互换,permit比allow更正式些。如:

I’ll let you know as soon as he comes back. 他一回来我就通知你。

The teacher allowed me to enter the office. 教师让我进办公室。

The guard permitted him to pass. 守卫让他通过。(含有“批准”的意思)

The nurse allowed him to remain there, though it isn’t permitted. 护士让他留在那里,虽然这是(规定)不允许的。

permit, allow的基本用法如下:

permit(allow)sth. 允许某事

permit(allow)sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事

permit(allow)doing sth.(不跟to do)允许做某事

promise的意思是“允诺”,“答应”。如:

I promised him to go to the cinema. 我答应他去看电影。

promise后接复合宾语时,动词不定式to go的逻辑主语不是him,而是句子的主语I。比较:

I permit him to go to the cinema. 我允许他去看电影。(to go的逻辑主语是him)

permit的主语如果是物(事)时,其后可接动名词,如果是人,一般不接动名词。如:

His work does not permit his going.(正)他的工作不允许他走。

He does not permit my going.(误)他不让我去。

permit后不接从句,而promise后可接从句。如:

She has promised that she will come.(正)

She has permitted that she will come.(误)

admit指允许某人进入某地或加入某组织。如:

You have to pass the examination to be admitted to the college. 你必须参加考试,及格后,方能获准入校。

The teacher opened the door and admitted me into the classroom. 老师打开门让我进教室去。