高考英语典型陷阱题分类例析(省略类)

这里所说的语境省略指的是在一定的语境中，为了表达的简洁可省略有些不言而喻的信息。有时命题者巧妙地运用这一省略手段可编制出一些非常高明的语境省略陷阱题。如：

1. Boris has brains. In fact, I doubt whether anyone in the class has _________IQ.

A. a high           B. a higher      C. the higher     D. the highest

【分析】此题答案为B。此句实为Boris has brains. In fact, I doubt whether anyone in the class has a higher IQ than him之省略。省略than him后不仅句意仍然清楚，而且显得更为简洁。句意为“……我怀疑班上有没有哪个人比他智商更高”，即“我认为他可能是班上智商最高的”。请再看以下类似的题目(分析理由同上，答案均选A)：

(1) How beautifully she sings! I have never heard _________ voice.

A. a better              B. a best              C. the better             D. the best

(2) “I’ve never found _________ job.” “Congratulations.”

A. a better              B. a best              C. the better             D. the best

(3) “What do you think of the service here?” “Oh, wonderful. We couldn’t have found _________ place.”

A. a better              B. a best              C. the better             D. the best

(4) How cold it is! We’ve never had _________ day this winter.

A. a colder             B. a cold              C. the coldest           D. the colder

2. She’s too thin. She _________ gain some weight but she _________ too little.

A. would, ate          B. will, eats         C. would, eats           D. will, ate

【分析】此题有些难度，许多同学不知如何分析。我们先根据题目所提供的选项将句意大致勾出来：她太瘦了。她会增加体重的，但她吃得太少了。根据句首 She’s too thin 这一所给信息可知，“她瘦”应是客观事实。按照一般的常识，“吃得少”就会引致“瘦”，“吃得多”就会导致“胖”，由于根据句首的信息，“她瘦”是客观事实，所以她“吃得少”也应是事实，所以第二空应填 eats(即用一般现在时表示客观事实)。根据上面的分析：“她瘦”和“她吃得少”均为客观事实，那么“她体重会增加”就应是假设(注意句中的转折连词 but)，所以第一空应填 would。其实，此句可理解为but前省略了一个条件状语 if she ate more (如果她多吃一点的话)。所以，此题最佳答案选C。

三、结构省略陷阱

1. —Who has eaten all the cake, Jim?

— Oh, _________ must your two pet dogs.

A. it                     B. they               C. that                D. which

【分析】许多学生可能认为此题应选B，因为其后的your two pet dogs为复数。但实际上，此题的最佳答案就是A，此句实为强调句型It must be your pet dogs that have eaten all the cake 的省略形式。

2. If you are planning to spend your money having fun this week, better _________ it—you’ve got some big bills coming.

A. forget              B. forgot               C. forgetting        D. to forget

【分析】此题最佳答案为A。考查had better后接动词原形的用法。但是考题中将you had better这一结构省略成better，致使许多同学一时看不出来。又如：

Better go with him. 最好同他一起去。

Better have the operation right now. 你最好还是现在就动手术。

3. Why _________ skating there with us this afternoon?

A. don’t go             B. not to go        C. not go             D. go not

【分析】许多学生会认为否定式须在go前加助动词及否定词或在不定式的小品词to前加否定词，从而将答案误选为 A 或B。其实，此题答案应该选C。当询问情况、提出建议或征求意见时，人们通常将Why don’t you do… 省略成Why not do…，故答案选 C。