高考英语语法考试分离型陷阱归纳

高考英语语法考试分离型陷阱归纳

请看下面两道高考题：

1. Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers ________ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law. (2008江西卷)

A. where                   B. when                        C. who                         D. which

【分析】答案为A。where在此引导定语从句，其先行词为cases。在一般情况，定语从句应紧跟在先行词之后，其间不能插入其他成分，但在本题中，定语从句与先行词被分开，若不注意到这一点，此题很容易做错。句意为：在本章的后面部分，我们将为读者介绍一些事例，说明消费者的投诉已经使法律作出了修改。

2. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread our further, ________ New York is an example. (2008四川卷)

A. for which                 B. in which                 C. of which                 D. from which

【分析】答案为C。of which在此引导非限制性定语从句，其先行词为前面的many cities。在通常情况，定语从句应紧跟在先行词之后，其间不能插入其他成分，但在本题中，定语从句与先行词被分开，若不注意到这一点，此题很容易做错。句意为：对世界上许多城市来说，已经没有进一步发展的空间，纽约就是其中的一个例子。

这两道题均涉及分离修饰的问题。综观近几年的高考英语单项填空题，有不少所谓的“难题”均与这类分离修饰有一定的关系，本文为同学们归纳了八类分离修饰的易错陷阱，希望引起大家的注意。

一、主谓分离陷阱

1.The girl as well as the other students ________ excited.

A. was                          B. were                        C. being                       D. be

【分析】依据题意“那个女孩还有其他的学生都很激动”，有些同学可能会选 B。其实   正确答案是A。当主语后面跟有 as well as, as much as, with, together with, no less than, along with, like, rather than, no more than, in addition to, but, except, besides, including 等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的单复数随主语的单复数而定，造成主语和谓语分离，让同学们误入陷阱。请做以下几题(答案均选A)：

(1) No one but her parents ________ it.

A. knows                    B. know                          C. is knowing                D. are knowing

(2) Mary, together with two boys, ________ for having broken the rule.

A. was punished          B. punished                      C. were punished           D. being punished

(3) A library with five thousand books ________ to the nation as a gift.

A. is offered                B. hasn’t decided              C. aren’t decided             D. haven’t decided

(4) The teacher, together with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, ________ visiting a museum when the earthquake struck.

A. was                        B. were                           C. had been                     D. would be

2. The ________ we saw yesterday come out from the farm once in a while.

A. cow                        B. dog                             C. horse                          D. deer

【分析】此题粗略一看，选A、B、C、D四个选项都行。而有些同学看到名词 the farm 时，很容易误选为A。因为与农场关系密切的当属cow。其实不然，此题答案选 D。这道试题着重考查的是时态环境下的主谓一致的语法现象。本句用的是一般现在时态，谓语是come out, 我们要选的词应该在句子中作主语，但是主语和谓语之间有一个修饰先行词的定语从句(that / which )we saw yesterday，将句子的主语和谓语分开，从而增加了解题的难度。

注意：解此类试题时，要分清句子的结构，抓住句子的主干，还要将句子的时态和主谓一致兼顾，才能准确无误地选对答案。