高考英语语法考试分离型陷阱归纳

3. A ________ of fish has been killed in this river because of serious pollution

A. lot                             B. number                     C. mass                       D. great deal

【分析】此题答案很容易误选为A 或D。很多同学在看到谓语形式是 has been killed时，就以为 fish 是不可数名词。其实，正确答案为C。fish 在这里是表复数意义的可数名词，并且单复数同形。但这里的主语不是fish，而是mass，主谓隔离使同学们误入陷阱。“a mass of + n. + 谓语单数”=“masses of + n. + 谓语复数”。请看以下类似的例子：

(1) Large amounts of water ________ polluted since the factory was built last year.

A. was                     B. were                         C. have been                      D. has been

(2) A large quantity of crops ________ destroyed in the flood.

A. was                      B. were                         C. have                              D. has

第(1)题的答案为C。主语是amounts 而不是 water；第(2)题答案为B。主语是quantity而不是crops。

二、句型分离陷阱

1. In the wartime, the masses devoted ________ they had ________ the army in fighting against the Japanese.

A. whatever; to supporting                                     B. what; supporting

C. anything which; to supporting                            D. all; to supporting

【分析】此题很容易误选为 C或者D。其实正确答案是 A。这道题目考查的是一个固定句型搭配，即 devote (time, money, energy…) to (doing) sth。devote 后接了一个由 whatever  引导的宾语从句。此题的难点在于我们要选的第1空是名词或代词或名词性从句作devote  的宾语，隔离了这个动词短语固定搭配，增加了解题难度。C 项中 anything 为不定代词，后接定语从句时其关系代词用 that  而不用 which，故C错误。

2. How long do you think it is ________ she arrived here?

A. when                           B. that                           C. before                         D. since

【分析】面对这道题，很多同学觉得无从下手，很容易误选C。其实正确答案是D。此题是一个宾语从句，并且是疑问句，这无疑增加了解题难度。这里我们不妨把它变成陈述句。将do you think 看成插入语，则句子就变成了：It is (how long) since she arrived here. 这样，句子结构就一目了然。这是一个“It is + 段时间 + since…(自从……以来有多久了)”的句型。请注意区分下面相类似的句型：It will (not) be…before…(要过多久……才 / 不过多久就……)和It was(not)…before…(过了多久……才 / 没过多久就……)。

3. It was ________ computer games that cost the boy a lot of time that he ought to have spent on his lessons.

A. to have played  B. playing         C. played         D. having played

【分析】正确答案为B，考查的是强调句型，被强调成分是句子的主语，但其被强调句式 It was…that…隔离，增强了试题的迷惑性。这里我们应选动词的-ing形式作主语。请看下面相似的例子：

(1) Was it during the Second World War ________ he died?

A. that                          B. while                       C. in which                      D. then

(2) ________ helped you work out that difficult maths problem?

A.Who did                    B. it was who that         C. Who it was that           D. Who was it that

第 (1) 题的答案为 A。是疑问句形式的强调句型，被强调的部分during the Second World War 在句中作状语；第 (2) 题的答案是D。被强调的是疑问词 who 在句中作主语。