驻美大使在乔治布什总统图书馆的演讲
It is fair to say that Sino-US relationship has evolved to such a point that would surprise even the most imaginative person 40 years ago. The fundamental reason and driving force lie in the expanding common interests between the two countries and shared responsibilities in ensuring sustainable development and dealing with emerging global challenges.
同时，中美关系可能也是世界上最复杂的双边关系之一。中美社会制度、价值观念、历史文化传统存在很大不同。两国各自经济社会发展水平存在巨大差异，一个是世界上最大的发展中国家，一个是世界上最大的发达国家。中国是新兴经济体，美国则是世界强国。这些差异导致双方难免在一些问题上存在不同看法，并可能由此产生对彼此战略意图的误解和疑虑。
At the same time, Sino-US relationship is probably one of the most complex bilateral relationships in the world. China and the United States are different in political system, social value, historic and cultural traditions. There is a huge gap in the level of economic and social development, with China being the largest developing country and the US being the largest developed country. China is an emerging economy while the US is a strong established power. These differences have decided that we do not see eye to eye with each other on many issues. These differences can also lead to misunderstanding and mistrust in each other's strategic intentions.
在人类文明史上，可能还没有出现过类似中美关系这样的双边关系。可以说，中美关系既没有先例可循，也没有现成的模式可以借鉴。双方如何管理、塑造和发展这一关系，将决定未来40年中美关系的走向。
In the history of human civilization, there perhaps has never existed such a bilateral relationship as the Sino-US relationship before. Therefore there is no ready path to follow and no historical experience or model to copy. How we finally choose to manage, shape and grow this relationship will determine its course in the next 40 years.
今年1月，中国国家主席胡锦涛对美国进行了成功的国事访问。访问的一个重要成果是胡主席和奥巴马总统在联合声明中就共同努力建设相互尊重、互利共赢的中美合作伙伴关系达成的共识，为新时期中美关系的发展指明了方向。建设中美合作伙伴关系，需要双方共同努力。我认为，中美双方在建设合作伙伴关系的过程中，应重点在以下四个方面加强合作：
In January this year, President Hu Jintao paid a successful state visit to the United States. Among the many results that came out of the visit, the most meaningful was the shared commitment that President Hu and President Barack Obama have made in the Joint Statement, that the two sides will work together to build a cooperative partnership based on mutual respect and mutual benefit. This has laid the groundwork, and it depends on how we work together to make it happen. In my view, as we build this cooperative partnership, we should concentrate on the following four priorities:
第一，要以新的思维看待中美关系。
No. 1: We must view Sino-US relations from a new perspective.
在全球化时代，中美两国的利益联系日益紧密，相互依存不断加深，在一定意义上中美已可以被认为是一个“利益共同体”。中美关系不是，也不应成为“零和游戏”。固守冷战思维只会将中美关系拖向对抗与冲突。摒弃固有思维，以更加广阔的全球视野，从战略高度和长远角度看待中美关系，至关重要。如果中美两国能作为伙伴进行合作，双方都将从中受益。
In the era of globalization and given the size and the degree of interconnectedness of the two countries, China and the US can be regarded as a community of interests. This is not and should not be a zero-sum game relationship. If people continue to look at each other with the cold war mindset, China and the United States will be drawn into confrontation and conflict. It is imperative to shift from the old habitual way of thinking and begin to frame Sino-US relations with a global view and from a strategic and long-term perspective. If we work together as partners, we would both emerge as winners.
第二，要共同拓展中美经贸合作。
No. 2: We must work together to advance our mutual economic interests.
经贸关系一直是中美关系发展的重要基石和推动力。当前，中美两国都致力于调整经济结构。中国正在实施“十二五”规划，其重要内容是加快转变经济发展方式，扩大内需。美国政府也在大力振兴美国经济，重振制造业，加强基础设施建设，扩大出口。这些不仅将进一步推进中美经贸投资往来，还将为两国拓展和深化在清洁能源、节能、环境保护和基础设施建设等领域的合作提供新的重要机遇。
Economic and trade ties have always been the cornerstone and engine for our overall relations. Currently, China and the US are undertaking massive efforts to restructure our economies. The core of China's 12th Five-Year Plan is to transform the mode of economic development and expand domestic consumption. The US is also striving to jumpstart its economy through revitalizing American manufacturing, strengthening infrastructure and expanding export. This offers real opportunities not only for increased trade and investment activities, but also for expanding cooperation in such areas as clean energy, energy conservation, environmental protection, and infrastructure.
此外，中美在加强地方交流合作方面潜力巨大。过去10年，美国50个州中有47个州对华出口增幅达到三位甚至四位数的百分比。今年夏天启动的中美省州长论坛机制受到双方普遍欢迎，将为推进中美地方经贸合作搭建新的有效平台。
There is also great potential for collaboration at the sub-national level. In the past decade, 47 out of 50 states in America have seen a three digit, in some cases even four digit growth in their export to China. The Sino-US Governors Forum, which was launched this summer, has been well received by both sides, and will provide a new and effective platform to promote economic and trade ties at the sub-national level.
第三，要努力增进战略互信。
No. 3: We must continue to improve strategic mutual trust.
互信是伙伴关系的前提。战略互信的程度某种意义上决定了两国合作关系的深度。中美增进战略互信，关键是要正确判断和理解对方的战略意图和政策目标。拜登副总统今年8月成功访华后，在《纽约时报》撰文表示，“一个成功的中国可以使美国更加繁荣”。同样，一个成功的、不断发展的美国也对中国有利。
Trust is the basis for any partnership. To a large extent, how deeply we trust each other determine whether we can cooperate, and how well we cooperate. It is imperative to have a correct judgement and understanding of each other's strategic intention and policy objectives. Following his successful visit to China in August, Vice President Joe Biden wrote in the New York Times that "a successful China can make our country more prosperous, not less." Equally, a successful and growing America is also in China's interests.
中美双方要保持密切的对话沟通，深化战略互信，避免误解和误判。我们应充分利用两国间现已建立的60多个对话磋商机制，特别是中美战略与经济对话、战略安全对话、亚太事务磋商等，及时、有效地就彼此关心的重大问题进行沟通，增进了解，避免冲突和战略意外。
We need close dialogues and communications in order to build strategic trust and avoid miscalculations and misperceptions. We should take advantage of the dialogue mechanisms we have put in place, in particular, the Strategic and Economic Dialogue, Strategic Security Dialogue and Asia-Pacific Affairs Consultation, and use them fully and wisely, in order to communicate in a prompt way and minimize the chances of conflicts and strategic surprises.
第四，要妥善处理分歧和摩擦。
No. 4: We must properly handle differences and disagreements.
中美关系发展的历史表明，两国在涉及对方核心利益问题上处理得比较好时，中美关系发展往往比较顺畅和稳定；反之，两国关系就会麻烦不断，甚至出现倒退。
In the history of Sino-US relations, the relationship would be smooth and stable when the core interests of both sides are taken seriously and taken care of, and would be less so and even strained when they are not.
台湾问题事关中国主权和领土完整，涉及中方核心利益，牵动13亿中国人民的民族感情。上个月，美方宣布大规模售台武器计划，严重干涉中国内政，严重危害中国国家安全，严重损害中美关系。我们敦促美方恪守中美三个联合公报特别是“八·一七”公报的各项原则，切实履行承诺，采取实际行动维护中美关系大局和台海两岸关系和平发展。
The question of Taiwan is critically related to China's sovereignty and territorial integrity. It is an issue that the Chinese people feel strongly about. Last month, the United States announced another large-scale arms sale to Taiwan. This has seriously interfered in China's internal affairs, undermined China's security and damaged the Sino-US relations. We urge the US side to fully implement its commitments made in the three Joint Communiques, especially the August 17 Communique, and take real actions to uphold the larger interest of Sino-US relations and peace and stability across the Taiwan Straits.
中美经贸关系规模大、发展快，出现一些问题是正常的，关键是要妥善处理。把经贸问题政治化的做法于事无补。把中美贸易不平衡归咎于人民币汇率并以此为由采取保护主义措施，只会把两国推向“贸易战”边缘。在当前世界经济增长缓慢、国际金融环境不稳定的背景下，中美两国尤其要避免发生“贸易战”。
Our economic and trade relationship is so big and expanding so fast that it is only normal to have problems. But, to politicize economic problems will not work. To blame the RMB exchange rate for the trade imbalance and to subsequently invoke protectionist measures will only push China and the US toward the brink of a "trade war," which is exactly what we should avoid when confronted with a sluggish world economy and international financial instability.
中美之间确实存在贸易不平衡问题，但两国贸易不平衡不是人民币汇率造成的，而是中美贸易投资的结构性差异、两国消费和储蓄模式的不同以及国际产业分工和转移等多种因素综合作用的结果。事实上，自2005年7月中国启动人民币汇率形成机制改革以来，人民币对美元已累计升值30%。而2005年至2011年，美国的失业率由5.1%上升至9.1%。这充分证明，人民币升值解决不了中美贸易不平衡问题，也无助于降低美国的失业率。
We recognize that there is trade imbalance between China and the United States. Such imbalance is caused by a combination of factors, including the structural trade and investment differences, divergent patterns of saving and consumption, and the international division of labor, rather than an issue of the RMB exchange rate. In fact, the RMB has appreciated by nearly 30% since the reform of its exchange rate regime started in July 2005. However, between 2005 and 2011, the US unemployment rate increased from 5.1% to 9.1%. This proves that RMB appreciation alone will not help reduce the trade imbalance, nor will it help lower unemployment rate in the US.
中国不追求对美国的贸易顺差，一直在采取措施扩大自美国的进口，努力缓解中美贸易不平衡。同时，中国将不断完善对外经贸合作法律法规，有效加强知识产权保护，并在自主创新、政府采购等方面一视同仁，一如既往地为所有赴华投资者创造良好的投资环境。需要强调的是，解决中美贸易不平衡需要中美两国共同努力、相向而行。我们希望美方尽快放宽对华高技术产品出口限制，并采取切实措施为中国企业来美国投资提供更加公平、友善的环境，这将有利于促进美国经济发展和增加就业。
We do not seek large trade surplus with the US. We have taken steps to import more from the US in an effort to address the imbalance. Domestically, we are working to improve our legal framework, strengthen IPR protection, and provide a favorable and level playing field for foreign businesses in terms of indigenous innovation and government procurement. It is important that the US side takes similar steps to ease the restrictions on high-tech exports to China, and provide an open and friendly environment for Chinese investment which can contribute to the US economy and employment.
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