中美战略与经济对话报告

Report of the U.S.-China Climate Change Working Group to the Strategic and Economic Dialogue
中美气候变化工作组提交中美战略与经济对话的报告

July 10, 2013
2013年7月10日

The U.S.-China Climate Change Working Group (hereinafter referred to as the Working Group) submits this Report to the Special Representatives of Leaders of the United States and China for the Strategic and Economic Dialogue (hereinafter referred to as the S&ED) pursuant to the Joint Statement on Climate Change issued by the United States and China on April 13, 2013.
根据中美两国2013年4月13日发表的《气候变化联合声明》，中美气候变化工作组（以下简称“工作组”）谨向中美战略与经济对话（以下简称“战略与经济对话”）两国元首特别代表提交本报告。

Introduction
引言

We have prepared this Report mindful of the overwhelming scientific consensus about anthropogenic climate change and its worsening impacts, as well as the urgent need to intensify global efforts to combat climate change. Rising temperatures are predicted to lead to sea level rise that could affect tens of millions of people around the world, as well as more frequent and intense heat waves, intensified urban smog, and droughts and floods in our most productive agricultural regions. Global climate change represents a grave threat to the economic livelihood and security of all nations, but it also represents a significant opportunity for sustainable development that will benefit both current and future generations. We believe that ambitious domestic action by China and the United States is more critical than ever. China has given high priority to building an “Ecological Civilization” by striving for green, circular and low-carbon development. It has adopted proactive policies and measures to mitigate and adapt to climate change. The United States is implementing robust policies to promote renewable energy, enhance energy efficiency, and reduce emissions from transportation, buildings, and the power sector. Both countries recognize the need to work together to continue and build on these important efforts.
在准备本报告时，我们谨记对于人为气候变化及其日益恶化的影响已形成强有力的科学共识，谨记加强全球应对气候变化努力的迫切需要。温度升高导致的海平面上升、日益频繁且强烈的高温天气、严重的城市雾霾以及发生在最具生产力的农业区域的旱灾和洪灾，这些可能影响到全球千百万人民的生存。全球气候变化对各国经济民生和国家安全构成了严重威胁，但同时也是可持续发展的重要机遇，惠及当代和子孙后代。我们相信中美两国采取雄心勃勃的国内行动比以往任何时候都更为重要。中国高度重视生态文明建设，努力寻求绿色、循环和低碳发展，采取了多种积极的政策和措施来减缓和适应气候变化。美国通过实施有力政策，发展可再生能源，提高能效，减少交通、建筑和电力行业的排放。两国认识到需要共同协作继续推进并加强这些努力。

The Joint Statement on Climate Change set in motion a process to take stock of our existing cooperative efforts as well as to identify significant new action initiatives. The United States and China established the Working Group to determine ways in which the two countries can strengthen cooperation on climate change through collaboration on technology, research, conservation, and alternative and renewable energy. The Working Group, chaired by National Development and Reform Commission Vice Chairman Xie Zhenhua and U.S. Special Envoy for Climate Change Todd Stern, met several times for in-depth discussions with the active participation of relevant government ministries on both sides.
《气候变化联合声明》启动了梳理现有合作努力及确定重要的新行动倡议的进程。中美建立了工作组，确定双方通过技术、研究、节能以及替代能源和可再生能源等领域协作加强气候变化合作的方式。工作组由中国国家发展和改革委员会副主任解振华和美国总统气候变化特使托德·斯特恩担任组长，并已举行数次有双方相关政府部门参加的会议进行了深入讨论。

The Working Group’s findings and outcomes are presented below. The Working Group intends to coordinate ongoing implementation of the specific areas of cooperation identified in this Report, as well as the development of additional areas of cooperation for subsequent annual meetings of the S&ED. In addition, the Working Group intends to facilitate an enhanced policy dialogue.
工作组的成果提交如下。工作组旨在就正在落实中的本报告所确定具体合作领域进行协调，并协调随后战略与经济对话年度会议上所开辟新的合作领域。此外，工作组还将促进加强政策对话。

Both sides believe that the kind of cooperative actions outlined in this Report will have substantial benefits. First, such actions can help each country grow and develop in sustainable ways. Significant co-benefits of investing in mitigation will also include enhanced energy security, reduced air pollution, improved public health, and conservation of important natural resources. Both sides will benefit from developing and deploying new environmental and clean energy technologies that promote economic prosperity and job creation while reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
双方认为报告中所列的合作行动将收益良多。首先，这些行动有助于两国以可持续的方式实现增长和发展。对减缓的投入将带来显著协同利益，包括加强能源安全、减少空气污染、改善公共健康、保护重要的自然资源。两国将从开发和应用新的环保和清洁能源技术中受益，在减少温室气体排放的同时促进经济繁荣和创造就业。

Second, both sides appreciate that advancing concrete action on climate change can serve as a pillar of our bilateral relationship, build mutual trust and respect, and pave the way for a stronger overall collaboration.
其次，双方认识到推进应对气候变化具体行动能够成为双边关系的一个支柱，建立互信和相互尊重，为更加强有力的全面协作铺平道路。

Third, we fully recognize that the United States and China play a significant role in global efforts to address climate change. Both sides agree that by enhancing our domestic actions and our bilateral climate cooperation, we can make an important contribution to the worldwide effort to confront climate change in a manner commensurate with the growing urgency of this global challenge.
第三，我们充分意识到中美两国在全球应对气候变化的努力中扮演重要的角色。双方都认为，通过加强国内行动和在气候变化领域中的双边合作，我们能够为应对气候变化世界范围的努力做出与这一全球挑战日益增加的紧迫性相称的重要贡献。

Stocktaking of existing cooperation on climate change
梳理现有气候变化合作情况

Pursuant to the April 13, 2013 Joint Statement, the Working Group reviewed existing bilateral programs and initiatives related to climate change. This stocktaking exercise highlighted the breadth of these cooperative efforts, including under the 2009 Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) to Enhance Cooperation on Climate Change, Energy and the Environment, as well as under the Ten Year Framework for Cooperation on Energy and Environment. In recent years, exchanges and joint projects have taken place in a wide variety of areas, including renewable energy, building and industrial energy efficiency, clean transportation and electric vehicles, green buildings, sustainable cities, land use and forestry, scientific research, and technology research and development.
根据2013年4月13日联合声明，工作组回顾了与气候变化相关的现有双边项目和倡议。这项梳理工作凸显了这些合作行动的广泛程度，包括在2009年签署的《加强气候变化、能源和环境合作的谅解备忘录》和《中美能源环境十年合作框架》下的合作行动。近年来，双方已在各个不同领域开展了多项交流与合作项目，包括可再生能源、建筑和工业能效、清洁交通和电动汽车、绿色建筑、可持续城市、土地利用和林业、科学研究和技术研发。

Important new activities pursuant to these existing programs are being announced in the context of the Strategic Dialogue, including six new EcoPartnerships, deployment of clean cookstoves in China, strengthened cooperation on scientific research and climate observations, and a bilateral Airport Sustainability Initiative.
在现有项目下开展的重要的新活动将会在中美战略对话上宣布，包括六个新的中美绿色合作伙伴、清洁炉灶在中国的推广、加强科学研究和气候观测合作以及双边可持续机场倡议。

New action initiatives
新的行动倡议

The Working Group recognized the potential for bold, new, collaborative action to combat climate change and to promote low carbon development. Drawing on the full expertise of our government agencies, the Working Group examined a number of areas and recommended five new action initiatives as a start. Taken together, these action initiatives will address some of the key drivers of greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution in our countries, including urbanization, transportation, industrial emissions, and coal-fired power generation. These initiatives also aim to produce significant co-benefits including cleaner air, energy savings, and water recovery.
工作组认识到全新大胆的合作行动在应对气候变化和促进低碳发展方面的潜力。在利用两国政府机构的全部专业力量的基础上，工作组对一些领域进行了研究并建议先由五项新的行动倡议做起。总体而言，这些行动倡议将针对两国最主要的温室气体排放源和空气污染源，包括城市化、交通、工业排放以及燃煤发电。这些倡议同时也将产生显著的协同效益，包括更清洁的空气、能源节约和水的回收利用。