美国文化口语秀(文本+MP3) 第387期:拖延症、强迫症用英语怎么说
拖延症、强迫症、恐高症、密集恐惧症、选择障碍症...现代人,谁没有这些“症”?你中枪了吗?这些不同的症,英语怎么说?Jenny, Adam告诉你!
关键词:
拖延症
拖延症英语里不是“症”
When it comes to learning English, a lot of people procrastinate, so you've already made a great start: 说到拖延症,很多人学英语就是这样。不过如果你已经在听节目、看推送,你已经迈出了重要的一步!
If you want to step up your efforts, double down on your efforts, become an OpenLanguage member! 如果要更上一层楼、加倍努力,那,成为开言会员吧
It's not an actual disorder, not pathological: 在英语里,其实“拖延症”不算一种真正的“病症”, 不是病理上的
But if it is an actual disorder, you will often see the suffix: -phobia: 如果真的是一种病症,英语里会常用到这个后缀:-phobia(恐惧症)
There are many different kinds of phobias, some are clinically diagnosed: 有很多恐惧症,有些是被临床确诊的
But many are more of a state of mind, such as procrastination: 但也有很多“症”,其实是一种精神状态,比如“拖延症”
拖延症英语怎么说?
就是已经说过好多次的那个词:
Procrastinate: 拖延
毕竟拖延不是好事,所以procrastinate不会用在建议类的句子里;只会用在陈述或制止的句子里:
Let's procrastinate on that.
Do not procrastinate any longer.
Stop procrastinating.
He always procrastinates.
一个拖延症的人,我们可以说:
procrastinator: 拖延的人
除了procrastinate, 拖延还有一个更口语的说法:
Put something off
例句:
I want to learn English, but I've been putting it off: 我想学英语,但是拖呀拖,拖了好久
选择障碍症
The Chinese word sounds fun: 这个中文说法还挺有意思的
In English, we'd call this: 英语里,可以说
indecisive: 犹豫不决
on the fence:意思同上,但是更口语、更有趣,因为fence是篱笆的意思,on the fence顾名思义就是坐在篱笆上,忽左忽右、不能决定
waffling:这个词也比较口语,而且是特别地道的美语呢。这个词还有一个意思就是:waffle(华夫)
具体怎么用?
“On the fence”更多用在一些比较重要的事情上,表达你的观点:
如果是点菜这种小事:
“I'm on the fence between the chicken and the fish", 这个说法很怪
"I can't decide between the chicken and the fish”更好
“Waffling”意为优柔寡断的
You are waffling again:你又在优柔寡断了
各种恐惧症:phobia
接下来这一组恐惧症,都以-phobia结尾。Phobia的意思就是恐惧症。
acrophobia: 恐高症
除了I'm acrophobic, 你也可以说I am experiencing vertigo: 我很晕!
Vertigo describes the dizzy feeling you get when you look down from high: vertigo就是从高处向下看,那种晕眩、紧张的感觉
I've met many foreigners who experience vertigo when they go to tall buildings in Shanghai: 我在上海遇过好多外国人,一上摩天高楼就晕
aerophobia: 飞行恐惧症
It means you are afraid of taking the airplane: 就是不敢坐飞机
“Aero-”就是和飞行相关的
Fear of flying: 怕坐飞机, 更口语的说法
Airsick: 晕机
Seasick: 晕船
Carsick: 晕车
hydrophobia: 恐水症
I'm slightly hydrophobic: 我稍微有点恐水症
The ocean makes me very nervous: 看到大海就恐慌
Hydro是希腊语水的意思,英语里很多跟水有关的词都包含这个前缀
claustrophobia: 密闭恐惧症
The fear of small spaces or enclosed spaces: 对拥挤或者密闭空间的恐惧
A lot of foreigners say riding the bus or subway in China makes them claustrophobic because they're not used to such crowded spaces:
很多外国人在中国坐公车、坐地铁会觉得有点密闭恐惧症, 因为他们没接触过那么多的人
agoraphobia: 公共空间恐惧症
It's fear of pubic spaces, not an enclosed space: 是对公共空间的恐惧,不是刚才那个密闭空间
xenophobia: 对外国事物、外国人的恐惧
You hear this word a lot this year: 今年这个词用的特别多
Unfortunately, there seems to be a rise of xenophobia in many parts of the world: 世界上很多地方这种情绪都在上升
像Brexit (英国脱欧)、Trump要在美国边境造一座墙的言论,就常被解读成xenophobia的体现。
Phobia, Phobic
如果要形容你有什么恐惧症,有两种表达方法:
I've got...phobia (名词)
也可以说
I'm ...phobic (形容词)
如果你觉得这些词太拗口,也可以用更口语的说法:
I am afraid of height.
I am afraid of flying.
I have a fear of sth.
强迫症的Jenny居然忘了说“强迫症”
Obsessive compulsive disorder: 强迫症
简称OCD
I've got OCD: 我有强迫症
I'm slightly OCD: 我有一点强迫症
I'm really OCD: 我超级强迫症
密集恐惧症
这个词千万不能配图,光想到已经头皮发麻了!
Trypophobia is an tense fear of clustered small holes and bumps: 密集恐惧症的意思
It gives you goosebumps all over your body: 让你浑身起鸡皮疙瘩》goose是鹅的意思,所以英语里说“鹅皮疙瘩”,
说说这个词的构成:
大家已经知道phobia形容恐惧症;Trypo则是拉丁语,意思是小洞洞
尴尬症
英语里,这个概念并不用phobia表达;而是
Awkward:尴尬 (说的时候可以配上图男演员James McAvoy的表情)
Socially awkward: 社交场合容易尴尬
可以说:
I'm socially awkward:我有尴尬症
Someone is socially awkward: 某人有尴尬症*社交场合