中国特高压输电技术助力打造全球电网

Deep in a tangle of planning bureaucracies in western Beijing, the future of a country nearly 3,000km away is under discussion. Xie Qiuye, president of China’s Electric Power Planning & Engineering Institute, has been charged with developing an electricity plan for Laos.

在云集北京西城区的众多规划部门中，有一个正在讨论某个近3000公里之外的国家的未来。中国电力规划设计总院(Electric Power Planning & Engineering Institute)院长谢秋野受命要为老挝制定一项电力计划。

Mr Xie’s job is to find a rational solution for Laos, even as powerful Chinese construction companies vie for more dam contracts in China’s poor southern neighbour. His answer — to make Laos into a regional power hub, exporting electricity to the rest of south-east Asia — depends on a technology that is being pushed hard by a powerful former state electricity boss with a vision for connecting world power markets.

谢秋野的工作是为老挝找到一个合理的解决方案，与此同时，中国实力强大的建筑公司还在这个贫穷的中国南部邻国相互竞争，争取更多水坝合约。他的答案是让老挝成为一个区域电力枢纽，将电力输送到东南亚其他地方。这个方案所倚赖的技术，也是一位有权威的前国家电力公司老板在努力推动的——他的理想是让全球各电力市场互联互通。

In Laos, in Brazil, in central Africa and most of all in China itself, ultra high-voltage cable technology that allows power to be commercially transported over vast distances with lower costs and increased load is justifying the construction of massive power projects. It is dubbed the “intercontinental ballistic missile” of the power industry by Liu Zhenya, its biggest backer and for a decade the president of State Grid, China’s powerful transmission utility.

在老挝、巴西、中非，最重要的是，还有在中国，降低输电成本、增加输送容量，从而让长距离输电具备商业可行性的特高压(UHV)输电技术，使得建设大规模电力项目变得可行。该技术的最大支持者、曾在中国强大的国家电网(State Grid)掌舵十多年的刘振亚，把这项技术誉为电力行业的“洲际弹道导弹”。

UHV allowed China to binge on dam building in its mountainous hinterland, then transport the power thousands of kilometres to its wealthy, industrial east coast. By enabling this and other projects, Mr Liu in 2016 proposed using the technology to export power as far away as Germany.

特高压输电技术让中国得以在多山的内陆地区建大量水坝，然后将电力输送到数千公里以外富裕、工业发达的东部沿海地区。启动该计划和其他项目后，在2016年，刘振亚提出利用这项技术把电力输送到远至德国的地方。

Now Mr Liu is promoting UHV internationally through his Global Energy Interconnection initiative. Designated as a “national strategy” and championed by Chinese President Xi Jinping, the initiative feeds into one of China’s most foreseeable international plans — to create the world’s first global electricity grid.

如今，刘振亚正通过他的全球能源互联网(Global Energy Interconnection)倡议在全球推广特高压输电技术。这项被中国国家主席习近平列为“国家战略”并得到他的支持的倡议，是中国有远见的对外计划的一部分：创建世界上第一个全球电网。