大学英语自学教程 上册 un04

[08:21.26]before it was released from the cage.
[08:23.44]需要等的时间长短不一样。
[08:25.63]Hunter found that if the rat had to wait more than ten seconds,
[08:29.01]亨特发现，如果老鼠等的时间超过了十秒钟，
[08:32.39]it could not remember the correct door.
[08:34.52]它就记不得哪是正确的。
[08:36.65]Hunter's results show that rats have a short-term memory of about ten seconds.
[08:40.37]亨特的研究结果表明，老鼠短时记忆在十秒上下。
[08:44.09]Later,Dr.Henning studied how students who are learning English as a second language
[08:47.63]后来，汉宁博士研究把英语作为第二语言来学的学生
[08:51.17]remember vocabulary.
[08:53.20]怎样记单词
[08:55.22]The subjects in his experiment
[08:57.00]后来，汉宁博士研究把英语作为第二语言来学的学生怎样记单词。
[08:58.78]were 75 students at the University of California in Los Angeles.
[09:02.16]他的实验对象是加里福尼亚大学洛杉矶分校的75名学生。
[09:05.54]They represented all levels of ability in English:beginning,
[09:08.56]他们代表了各个英语能力水平的学习：从初级、
[09:11.58]intermediate, advanced, and native-speaking students.
[09:14.96]中级、高级到本族水平。
[09:18.34]To begin, the subjects listened to a recording of a native speaker
[09:21.82]开始时，实验对象们听一段
[09:25.29] reading a paragraph in English.
[09:27.27]说本族语的人读一段录音。
[09:29.26]Following the recording, the subjects took a 15-question test
[09:32.94]听完录音之后，他们参加了一个由15个题目组成的测试，
[09:36.63] to see which words they remembered.
[09:38.66]看看他们记住了哪些单词。
[09:40.70]Each question had four choices.
[09:43.27]每个问题都有四个选择项。
[09:45.85]The subjects had to circle the word they had heard in the recording.
[09:48.53]实验对象们应圈出他们在录音中听到的单词。
[09:51.20]Some of the questions had four choices that sound alike.
[09:54.18]有些问题的四个选择项
[09:57.16]For example,weather,whether,wither,
[10:00.88]如weather、 whether 、wither
[10:04.60]and wetter are four words that sound alike.
[10:07.49]wetter的读音很相似，
[10:10.38]Some of the questions had four choices that have the same meaning.
[10:12.81]另有些问题的四个选择项词义一样，
[10:15.24]Method, way, manner,and system would be four words with the same meaning.
[10:19.77]如method way manner system。
[10:24.30]Some of them had four Unrelated choices.
[10:26.82]还有些问题，它们的选择项彼此之间没有关系，
[10:29.34]For instance,weather,method,love,
[10:32.53]例如 weather method love result
[10:35.72]and result could be used as four unrelated words.
[10:38.68]这四个词便是如此。
[10:41.65]Finally the subjects took a language proficiency test.
[10:44.73]最后，这些实验对象们参加一次语言水平测试。
[10:47.81]Henning found that students with a lower proficiency in English
[10:50.93]汉宁发现，英语水平低的学生
[10:54.05]made more of their mistakes on words that sound alike;
[10:56.64]读音相似的词记错更多；
[10:59.23]students with a higher proficiency
[11:01.71]英语水平高的学生
[11:04.19]made more of their mistakes on words that have the same meaning.
[11:07.27]词义相同的词记错更多。
[11:10.35]Helming's results suggest that beginning students
[11:13.03]汉宁的实验结果表明，
[11:15.71]hold the sound of words in their short-term memory,
[11:18.23]初级英语水平的学生在他们的短时记忆中保存了词的声音，
[11:20.75]while advanced students hold the meaning of words in their short-term memory.
[11:24.43]而高级英语水平的学生则在他们的短时记忆中保、存了词的意义。