大学英语自学教程 上册 un19

[00:00.00]Unit 19 text A
[00:04.78] Animals at Risk:Who Cares ?
[00:07.31]动物处境危险：谁来关心？
[00:09.85]An animal species becomes extinct
[00:12.47]当一种动物不能在每一代
[00:15.10]when it fails to produce enough young in each generation
[00:18.08]都生育出足够的后代以便与死亡率相平衡时，
[00:21.05]to keep pace with the death-rate.
[00:23.09]它就逐渐灭绝。
[00:25.13]We can tell from fossil evidence in rocks
[00:27.51]从化石中我们可以找到证据，
[00:29.88]that many living species have become extinct over the millions of yearssince life began.
[00:34.12]说明自有生命以来在千百万年的时间里，许多生物物种已经成为灭绝。
[00:38.35]It is a natural process and extinction is the fate of any animal that has
[00:42.37]这是一化，或者其竞争对手更有适应性，
[00:46.39]specialized too far to change when its environment changes,
[00:49.42]比它更强大，
[00:52.45]or has to compete with a better--adapted and more powerful animal.
[00:55.69]那么这种动物便命中洽谈室 要灭绝。
[00:58.93]Because of remarkable technical developments during the past few centuries,
[01:02.81]近几个世纪以来，由于科学技术落后的世大发展，
[01:06.69]man has destroyed or nearly destroyed some species
[01:10.11]人类以超过动物园繁殖后代的速度来捕杀动物，
[01:13.53]by killing them at such a rate that they couldn't produce enough offspring,
[01:16.92]或以惊人的速度彻底改变动物的自然环境，
[01:20.30]or by completely changing their natural environment at surprising speed.
[01:24.28]从而使一些动物物种灭绝或几乎灭绝。
[01:28.27]A number of examples can be given of the way
[01:31.14]自然环境正在迅速改变的例子可以举出许多，
[01:34.01]in which natural environments are being rapidly changed Amazonia,for instance.
[01:38.10]亚马逊尼亚国家公园便是一例。
[01:42.19]There is every likelihood that many species of animal swill be made extinct
[01:46.06]完全有可能，许多种动物由于自然植被在这些
[01:49.92]because of these and similar clearances of natural vegetation.
[01:53.19]或类似的地方被破坏殆尽而陷于灭绝。
[01:56.45]Large numbers of animals have been hunted and killed for food.
[01:59.94]大量动物作为肉食而被猎杀。
[02:03.43]The North American buffalo is a case of the near-extinction of a species through hunting.
[02:07.61]北美洲水牛便是因捕猎而成为濒临灭绝物种的一个例子。
[02:11.79]Often the numbers are so great the hunter smay not realize the danger.
[02:15.76]动物数量常常很大，捕猎者可能意识不到危险的存在。
[02:19.73]But even when the danger is widely publicized,
[02:22.25]但即使人们广泛宣传这种危险性
[02:24.77]the financial rewards for the hunters
[02:27.00]由于经济利益太大，
[02:29.24]may be so great that they choose to ignore the threat to the species.
[02:32.41]捕猎者会置物种灭绝的危险于不顾。
[02:35.59]Attitudes like this have led to hunters killing animals for furs
[02:38.86]这种态度已使捕猎者为了取得皮毛、
[02:42.14]for ivory or merely for ornaments.
[02:44.52]象牙或纯粹为了获得装饰品而猎杀动物；
[02:46.90]A slight variation on this is when tourists hunt animals for trophies.
[02:50.78]与此稍有不同的是，旅游者猎杀动物是为了获取纪念品。
[02:54.65]Magnificent creatures such as lions and tigers
[02:57.89]像狮子和老虎之类的大型动物
[03:01.13]have been hunted out of existence in some parts of the world.
[03:04.36]在世界某些地方已被杀尽。
[03:07.59]It is important to realise,
[03:09.82]不过，还需要了解的是，
[03:12.05]thoughthat animals are sometimes killed out of fear.
[03:14.38]有些动物被杀是因为人们害怕它们。
[03:16.70]Big cats are killed in this way.
[03:19.18]有时某些大型猫科动物就是这样死于非命的。
[03:21.67]And animals are sometimes killed out of a wish to reduce numbers
[03:25.09]有时人们捕杀动物是为了减少其数量
[03:28.51]to help the species to survive.
[03:30.43]以使该物种得以生存。
[03:32.35]The killing of the Canadian seals is claimed to be for this purpose,
[03:36.18]捕杀加拿大海豹据说就是这样的目的，
[03:40.00]and the use of their skins for furs is only a by-product.
[03:43.43]而利用其皮毛仅是副产品而已。
[03:46.85]Many people are concerned about animals and wildlife conservation
[03:49.79]许多人关心着对动物和野生生物的保护。