2023年美国州立法机构关注哪些事？

Many state legislatures will meet in the new year. And they will have the power to address some polarizing issues.

许多州立法机构将在新的一年举行会议。他们将有解决一些两极分化问题的权力。

The most polarizing may be abortion, which the Supreme Court threw to the states when it overturned Roe v. Wade.

最两极分化的问题可能是堕胎，最高法院在推翻罗伊诉韦德案时将这个问题抛给了各州。

But they may try to pass new laws.

但他们可能会设法通过新的法律。

The new Congress is divided between the parties but many state legislatures are not, which gives them more power to act.

新一届国会由两党组成，但许多州立法机构不是这样，这赋予了他们更多的行动职权。

Reid Wilson is following all of this. He's the founder and editor of Pluribus News. Welcome to the program.

里德·威尔逊正在跟踪报道此事。他是Pluribus新闻的创始人和编辑。欢迎来到我们的节目。

Well, good morning.

早上好。

OK. So some states already acted on abortion in 2022, some of them expanding abortion rights, some of them limiting abortion rights.

好。一些州已经在2022年就堕胎采取了行动，其中一些州扩大了堕胎权，一些州限制了堕胎权。

How much further might they go?

他们还能走多远?

Well, I think we're going to see a lot of action on abortion rights this year.

嗯，我认为今年我们会看到很多关于堕胎权利的行动。

Blue states are moving to add abortion rights and reproductive care to their state constitutions. California did so last year.

蓝州(支持民主党的州)正在将堕胎权和生育保健加入他们的州宪法。加州去年就这样做了。

We'll see similar proposals in places like Washington, Colorado and Illinois.

我们将在华盛顿州、科罗拉多州和伊利诺伊州等地看到类似的提案。

Democrats are also interested in adding privacy protections for those who might travel from out of state to seek an abortion.

民主党人也有兴趣为那些可能跨州堕胎的人增加隐私保护。

Washington is working on a data privacy measure specifically aimed at reproductive rights.

华盛顿正在制定一项专门针对生育权利的数据隐私措施。

Imagine if somebody from Idaho travels to Washington to seek an abortion.

想象一下，如果有人从爱达荷州到华盛顿寻求堕胎。

The bill would protect that person's data from any law enforcement agency in Idaho that might seek to prosecute them.

该法案将保护个人数据免受爱达荷州任何执法机构的起诉。

The Dobbs decision is also forcing a really interesting debate in red states.

多布斯案的判决也在红州(支持共和党的州)引发了一场非常有趣的辩论。

How far do they go in banning abortion, 15 weeks, six weeks, when a fetal heartbeat is detected...

他们在禁止堕胎方面走了多远，15周，6周，当能检测到胎儿心跳起禁止……

Yeah.

是。

Or a total ban? And there's also a debate over whether to add exceptions in the cases of rape or incest and even, in some cases, to protect the life or health of the mother.

还是完全禁止呢? 关于在强奸或乱伦的情况下堕胎是否可以免责，为保护母亲的生命健康而堕胎是否可以免责，也存在争论。

I'm really interested listening to you because I'm also hearing battles between the states and some of the legislation you mentioned, states trying to influence how much they will influence people who go to a different state, for example.

我对你的话很感兴趣，因为我也听到了各州和你提到的一些立法之间的斗争，比如，各州试图对前往另一个州堕胎的人施加影响。

Right. That's a big part of this discussion, especially because there are several blue states that are sort of islands where abortion access can be provided in the midst of a bunch of red states that are trying to restrict that access.

对。这是这次讨论的一个重要部分，尤其是因为有几个蓝州(支持民主党的州)如岛屿一般，在一堆设法限制堕胎的红州(支持共和党的州)中，可以提供堕胎服务。

Rob mentioned other issues. How are states addressing the economy in 2023?

罗伯还提到了其他问题。2023年各州将如何解决经济问题?

You know, Steve, when I started covering state-level politics about a decade ago, the dominant story was about states competing with each other to attract businesses.

史蒂夫，当大约十年前，我开始报道州级别的政治时，故事主要是关于各州相互竞争以吸引企业。

Now what we're seeing is states competing with each other to attract workers.

现在我们看到的是各州为了吸引工人而相互竞争。

States have thousands of vacant teaching positions, thousands of vacant government jobs.

各州有数以千计的教师职位空缺，成千上万的政府职位空缺。

And even more are going to open up as baby boomers retire.

随着婴儿潮一代退休，甚至会有更多的职位空缺出现。

And, you know, as Congress has approved billions of dollars in spending on new high-tech manufacturing sectors, even those jobs are going to need to be filled.

而且，国会已经批准了数十亿美元用于新兴高科技制造业的投资，即使是这些工作岗位也需要人手。

So states are using every tool they have to build future workforces.

各州正在利用拥有的一切工具来建设未来的劳动力。

They're building new apprenticeship programs, opening up community colleges and technical schools. And they're cutting licensure requirements.

他们正在建立新的学徒计划，开设社区大学和技术学校。他们正在降低执照要求。