美国庆祝联邦假日六月节
Americans are celebrating Juneteenth today.
美国人今天庆祝六月节。
Yeah, it's the newest federal holiday on the calendar and is also known as this country's second Independence Day.
是的，六月节是日历上最新的联邦假日，也被称为美国的第二个独立日。
But outside the Black community, many Americans are still learning about its meanings and origins.
除了黑人群体，许多美国人也在学习这个节日的含义和起源。
NPR's Alana Wise joins us now to discuss this. Good morning.
Good morning.
早上好。
OK, give us a bit of background for people who don't know about Juneteenth.
好，给那些不了解六月节的人介绍一下背景知识。
Of course. So basically, Juneteenth is the day that celebrates some of the final days of slavery in the U.S.
当然可以。简单来说，六月节是庆祝美国奴隶制进入最后的日子。
So two years after President Abraham Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation, a lot of people, particularly west of the Mississippi, were still being held in enslavement.
在亚伯拉罕·林肯总统签署《解放黑人奴隶宣言》两年后，很多人，特别是密西西比西部的人，仍然被奴役着。
So on June 19 in 1865, Union troops rode into Galveston, Texas, to inform slaveholders and enslaved people that the institution of slavery was ending.
在1865年6月19日，联邦军队进入德克萨斯州的加尔维斯顿，通知奴隶主和被奴役的人，奴隶制度即将结束。
They were also there to enforce the Emancipation Proclamation, basically to make sure that these slaveholders actually were paying their newfound labor.
他们还在当地执行《解放黑人奴隶宣言》，基本上是为了确保这些奴隶主确实为他们新获得的劳动力支付了薪水。
These informally enslaved people were told to stay on their plantations and instead work for wages rather than be used as free labor.
这些被非正式奴役的人被告知留在种植园为获得工资工作，而不是被用作免费劳动力。
I spoke to Leslie Wilson, who's a history professor at Montclair State in New Jersey. He put it this way.
我采访了莱斯利·威尔逊，他是新泽西州蒙特克莱尔州立大学的历史教授。他是这样说的。
We are not celebrating the history of Juneteenth. We are celebrating the symbolism of Juneteenth.
我们不是在庆祝六月节的历史。我们在庆祝六月节的象征意义。
And so I would say that the symbolism of Juneteenth is the transition from slavery to freedom.
我想说六月节的象征意义是从奴隶到自由的过渡。
Now, this was a hard-won battle, really, hundreds of years of people sort of wanting it to be recognized federally.
这是一场来之不易的战斗，几百年来，人们一直希望联邦政府承认它。
What can you tell us more about the public's awareness of this holiday outside the communities that were pushing for its recognition?
你能为我们详细讲讲，除推动该节日得到承认的群体外，其他公众对这个节日的认识吗？
Awareness of the holiday really took off outside of Black communities in 2021.
2021年，黑人群体以外的人开始认识到这个节日。
That year, Biden signed a bill making it into an official federal holiday.
那一年，拜登签署了一项法案，将其定为官方联邦假日。
So it's the newest federal holiday and the first to be added to the calendar since MLK Day in the '80s.
这是最新的联邦假日，也是自上世纪80年代马丁·路德·金纪念日以来第一个被添加到日历上的节日。
Last year, a Gallup poll said that about 60% of Americans know at least a little something about Juneteenth.
去年，一项盖洛普民意调查显示，大约60%的美国人至少对六月节有所了解。
But a year before, that number was at just 37% who said they were familiar with Juneteenth.
但一年前，只有37%的美国人表示他们熟悉六月节。
So you really see how awareness and focus on the day has gone up in recent years.
你真的可以看到近年来人们对这一天的意识和关注是如何提高的。
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